Center for Louisiana Studies Archival Catalog
This searchable database provides information on images, documents, and audio and video recordings, made between 1934 and the present.
Interview with Frank Couppel
Frank Couppel (93.5 years old):
-Élevé à Pierre Part à faire des récoltes. Laisser Pierre Part après l'eau haute de 1927. Venir ici (Bayou Sorrel) pour ramasser de la mousse et rester 50+ années;
-Né en Mai 1887 au Pierre Part;
-La vie était mauvaise des fois. Il n'y avait pas d'ouvrage du tout;
-Travailler sur le bayou pull boats. Hâler les cypres;
-Pêcher et chasser. Il était un grand chasseur dans le temps;
-Son arrière-grandpère devient de la France. Le père à Frank s'appelait Honoré Couppel;
-Histoire de la famille Couppel-Aucoin;
-Travailler comme chef pour les pull-boats pendant septs ans à $30/mois. Se lever à 2 AM et ne pas se coucher avant 10 PM;
-Des soirées/des fêtes (pas des bals). Mme. Dalbert Aucoin et Frank Blanchard chantait des chansons de soirée. Dalbert était son cousin germain;
-Il ne peut plus chanter les chanter, mais il se rappelle des chansons;
-Des chansons de guerre/de soirée;
-Le premier soir de noce (Léonore). Un homme servir le Roi Louis pour sept ans. Léonore s'est remarié et son premier mari est revenu et elle a rejoint le premier;
-L'histoire de Sainte Geneviève (conte merveilleux). Le mère de sa nièce/sa soeur a copié l'histoire dans un livre. Une 'tite fille depuis l'âge de sept ans, elle allait voir ses amies. Elle s'est marié et il avait pour aller à guerre. Il voulait le roi la soigner. La mettre en prison et envoyé une lettre à son mari qu'elle est tout tourné à l'envers. Son mari a cru le roi. Détruire Geneviève et leur petit.
-Rejoindre son padnah, aller lire la lettre à sa femme, et réaliser que le roi lui a embêter. Le petit cognait à la fenêtre, donner des commandements. Tout des menteries. Geneviève a écrit une lettre pour pardonner tout le monde, elle n'avait rien dessus sa conscience. La emmener dans le bois pour les tuer.
-Pleine lune brillante va tourner rouge si ils les auraient tué. Obligé à les tuer, ils avaient pour emmener leurs yeux au roi. Tuer un chien et prendre ses yeux. Promettre de jamais sortir du bois. La neige tombait le lendemain et elle a trouvé un trou de bétaille comme un abri.
-Un caouenne comme un rocher. Il n'a rien à manger. Trouver de l'eau. Un brebis/un chevreuil donner du lait. Rester sept ans de temps. Elle est tombée malade et elle a dit qu'elle aurait mourrit. -Marcher pour deux jours, coucher là et repartir le lendemain matin. Elle voulait rester avec les bêtes farouches. Elle est venu mieux/guérie. Essayer de trouver des fruits marrons. Monter la 'tite montagne. Un loup qui venait avec un mouton. Foutre le loup un coup de branche et ôter la peau du mouton. Elle n'a plus de linge pour se couvrir. Le Bon Dieu l'aurait donné du linge.
-Crier pour le petit, mais le petit ne l'a pas reconnu avec la peau de mouton. Le roi a reçu la lettre. Descendre du cheval. Le roi va aller en prison et le bougre a monté et a lu la lettre à Geneviève. Aller au bois où elle était tuée, commencer à faire la chasse. Voir un chevreuil/un brebis et le suivre jusqu'au caverne. Arrêter son mari de tuer son brebis. Ils se sont reconnus.
-Touche ma main (glacée). Prendre le cheval et s'en revenir avec le brebis qui les suivait. Quand Geneviève et morte, le brebis se coucher dessus la tombe et a crever dessus la tombe;
-Trois soirs pour entendre cette histoire pour écrire le livre;
-Mme. John Crochet avait ce livre. Un gros gang au camp. Joe Crochet--du monde qui croit et ne croit pas en Dieu. Mme. John Crochet va faire les larmes couler en lisant cette histoire (triste mais belle);
-Des contes pour faire rire. Bouki et Lapin. Jean Sot--Jamais entendu des ces hisoires;
-Son frère avait pleines des histoires;
-Tout le temp être avec eux. Le lendemain de Noël, il est venu pour souper. Il restait à Labadie. Tuer le chevreuil au Bayou Croche. Il mort trois semaines après. Il a été se coucher parce qu'il ne se sentait pas bien, mais il n'a pas pu. Il contait tout espèces de choses, pour des enfants;
-Travailler avec Wilbert. La plus riche place, mais la plus triste. Le vieux stove. Mr. Gaudet. Aller au Pierre Part chercher de la mousse. Mr. Armand et Mr. Joe Barien/Varien?. Il y avait de la mousse au ras de son camp. Retourner au Pierre Part. Rester ici (Bayou Sorrel) depuis 1958;
-Sa femme est morte, et tous ses enfants sont mariés except un qui est en ville (Nouvelle-Orléans). 3 garçons et 1 fille. Son frère de Labadie a 12 ans plus jeune que Frank, il est malade il y a longtemps;
-Les trois chiens et la mauvaise femme qui a fait le bougre détruire ses trois chiens;
-Il n'y avait pas de levée quand il est venu ici, il y avait trois maisons et quelques camp boats. Il n'y avait pas trop de monde. Les noms des familles. Willie Allaine (son garçon est prêtre);
-Personne parle français ici, d'habitude c'était tout français;
-Il n'y avait pas de rue quand il est venu ici;
-Jack Miller's. Envoyer les enfants à l'école 8 miles d'ici. Battir des chemins jusqu'à Pigeon;
-Venir ici pour la Dépression. Tout le monde avait des bateaux. Des chasseurs, des ramasseurs de mousse, des pêcheurs. 5 gallons de gaz et 1 quart de lube?;
-1 gallon d'aujourd'hui est le même prix que 10 gallons dans le temps;
-Juste un bougre qui marchait son bateau, tous les autres ne marchaient pas leur bateaux;
-Ramasser de la mousse, vendre 3 sous la livre. Tomber à 2 sous le deuxième ans, et pas rien le troisième. Vendre des poissons 3 sous la livre;
-Ses garçons mettant des palangres à travers du bayou. Pas d'aboëtte Un goujon de 77 livres. Une grande cage pleine. Le bateau pour acheter les poissons passait une fois par semaine. 300+ livres de poisson de 50-77 livres, le bateau ne pouvait pas le prendre;
-Deux magasins, 5 sous. Pas de crédit;
-Ils ont mangé quand même ils étaient pauvre;
-Vendre les poissons à 12 sous la livre--paradis;
-Feux follets? Frank comprend des pisse-en-lits;
-Loup-garou?;
-L'homme dans la lune. ll chassait un dimanche;
-La chasse-galerie?;
-Trouver un homme coupé? Des jambes d'homme;
Frank Couppel
Interview with Antoine Ozenne
Antoine Ozenne (71):
Mr. Ozenne is a white resident of St. Martin Parish (corner of Stone Road and Terrace Road) Bayou Tortue:
-Aider son père à 10 ans à couper du bois avec une hache pour battir une maison;
-Couper du cypre dans le vieux temps. 12.5 l'arbre pour le cerner. 2 arbres pour faire 25 sous. Des bons hommes pour faire $3 par jours. 3 pieds de diamètre. Couper au. chain saw aujourd'hui;
-Faire des madriers de cypre, des pirogues;
-Travaille à l'herminette. Manière une pioche (carrée ou ronde);
-Pas trop de temps pour s'amuser. Lire la gazette était les seules nouvelles;
-Amusements dans le vieux temps. Pas de temps pour des contes et des chansons;
-Monter à cheval;
-Salles de danse et bals de maisons. L'accordéon et des cuillières;
-La Côte Gelee-famille des Landry (des musiciens);
-Joueurs d'accordéon--mostly black (Jocko Sigence?), some white (des Sonniers);
-Bayou Tortue. La Terrace--le vieux nom;
-Description de la région. Les endroits et les chemins terres/gravois/blacktop;
-Occupations. Son père et lui étaient des habitants. Travailler un peu de tout quelque chose;
-Son père parlait des danses rondes pendant le carême. Des bals aussi avec des guitares/des violons;
-Jeux d'enfants (tout oublié). Pinpi poloron. Cache cache la bague;
-Pas de trop des balagueurs, ils diraient des vraies histoires;
-Il avait 17 ans dans la grande eau de '27--effets. La levée du Bayou des Glaises a cassé. L'eau rouler comme un baril. 11 pieds d'eau. Plus de ménage, tout les vieux portraits, papiers, et livres (des vraies bibles) étaient tout collé ensemble;
-Évangéline--souvenirs. Ses parents et grandparents racontaient cette histoire. Ils n'allaient pas au village tous les jours, juste quand ils avaient besoin;
-Distances--pioniers. Le monde étaient isolé;
-Écoles privées--éducation seulement s'ils avaient les moyens (pour payer). Ses tantes et sa mère allait au Sacré Coeur à Grand Coteau pour 10 mois. Les garçons allaient au collège des Jésuites;
-Boucheries. La graisse en Janvier pour toute l'année. Salir de la "vraie" viande salée en jars. Couvrir et mettre une brique pour le mettre en bas. Des boudins, des viandes salées, des saucisses, des andouilles (chorizo?), de la langue bourrée, des gratons;
-La chasse--gibiers (écureuils, lapins, tortues, tourtes, canards). Gros-bec en Juin et Juillet. Il n'y a plus rien à chasser ici;
-Manger du cocodril (la queue et les 3 différentes qualités de viande)/des grosses tortues cyprières (7 qualités de viande). Nettoyer des tortues en les échaudant;
-David Ozenne;
-Esclavage/habitants à part. Ses vieux parents avaient des esclaves. Des français se sont venus pour travailler;
-Son grand-père restait avec un indien dessus la terre des Fuselier. Histoire de l'Indien--pas plus qu'un chevreuil sur mon cheval. Un dessus le cheval et l'autre dessus son épaule. Cherokee, et sa femme était une négresse;
-Catahoula Indian Settlement;
-L'indien chassé. Acheter un fusil de son grand-père. Deux indiens se sont venus pour lui et 15 après, ils ont rammené son fusil;
-La Poste des Attakapas--un peu plus sud allant à Loreauville;
-Attakapas, Cherokee, Carenc(r)ohé=Mohawk, Choctaw Tribes;
-Lac Catahoula dessus la terre des Labbé. Catahoula sacrifice d'une sauvagesse (elle s'habillait bien et elles était noyée);
-Qualité des noirs. Les meilleurs nègres ici, jamais eu difficulté avec eux;
-Développement de la région dernièrement. Avant l'eau de 1940, il y avait une dizaine/quinzaine de maisons;
-Monter la ligne d'éléctricité de Lafayette (REA), il était le seul pour un élan. Il ne se tracasse pas quand le téléphone ne marche plus;
-Traitement de la mousse pour faire de la bousillage (la terre jaune), cheminées en terre avec des 'tits bâtons (pour le monde qui n'avait pas de brique). Brûler la mousse dessus les cheminées.
-Voir une cheminée au camp entre Turkey Creek et Alexandrie;
-Le monde qui parlait français. Proche tout le monde ne parlait pas anglais. Cadien, Coonass--origins (60 ans passé. N'appelle-pas moi comme ça), Créole;
-Tranquille là. Lafayette address (Broussard). 60 years the mailman passes;
-La vieille maison où sa mère a été élevé. Son père était élevé dessus la butte. Déménager pour commencer leur vie et puis ils se sont retournés;
-Élever des bêtes. 10 ans qu'il a vendu ses bêtes;
-David Ozenne--rizires et vacheries. Tout des terres louées. Il a fait du riz avant 1927 et les bêtes après 1927 jusqu'à sa mort;
-Les changements entre le vieux monde et asteur. Les étrangers. Le monde se conduit différemment;
-S'entraider--rareté de l'argent, donner des coups de main, s'aider l'un et l'autre;
-Pas acheter un lunch avec $1;
-Aider des voisins, des grosses familles;
-Enterrements. Veiller toute la nuit Être sur le mort était vraiment mort. Son père faisait des cercueils. Il ne travaillait pas avec du bois pour faire sa vie, mais il connaissait comment faire;
-L'homme des autres fois avaient pour connaitre comment faire tout;
-Faire des tables sans clous, avec des boufftés?, des chevilles;
-Aller sur la lune. Peut-être la lune ne travaillera plus pareil. Le monde vivait par la lune;
-Élever son propre manger. Il aime des oeufs et du volaille de campagne;
-Télévision une bonne affaire. Le vieux monde ne connaitrait quoi c'est. Un gros passe-temp. Ils fallait veiller et aller se coucher de bonne heures. Ses shows, il ne voit pas rien;
-Compagnies d'huile--argent. Il apprécie quand ils sort. Le dernier puit, ils étaient supposé d'aller 18,000 pieds. Ils ont arrêté à 13,000 pieds. Lease expires in June, they haven't released. Aider la Louisiane (l'économie);
-2 garçons qui travaille dans les shipyards;
-Batailles dans la prairie. Le monde aimait se battre au ras du Marais Bouleur. Pas trop de batailles. Quelques batailles à Lawtell et les alentours (aller rester avec ses cousins pour l'eau haute). Ils n'aimait pas les étrangers danser avec leurs filles;
-Ne danse pas avec le belle d'un bougre. Tirer le chapeau en l'air pour commencer une bataille;
-Des rendez-vous dessus un terrain au coup de poings;
-Bataille au mouchoir. Coup de couteau. Au ras de Lawtell, la Ville Platte;
-Aller au bal à Lawtell avec ses oncles des Opelousas;
-Un grand chiqueur a craché dans la figure du 'tit bougre. À Carencro;
-Jouer des niches de cheval/boghei. Le cheval partait et le boghei restait;
-Ôter les boulons du wagon;
-Hâler les ponts;
-Ôter toute la ménage de la maison et la mettre en haut;
-Pendre les charrues dans les arbres;
Antoine Ozenne (71)
Interview with Adley Gaudet and Claude Landry
Adley Gaudet, Claude Landry:
-La chasse sans fusil. L'homme a été voir à ses animaux dans le bois. Il a vu un chevreuil et a mis du sel dans sa main. Le chevreuil a mis sa langue dans sa main et ça a resté collée à sa main. -Laver la langue dans la coulée, une grosse barbu de 9 livres. Le lapin a kick avant qu'il est mort et il a tué des perdrix. Des bottes en gommes. Traverser une autre coulée creux. 24 patassas dans ses bottes;
-Le menteur et son nègre. Tirer un chevreuil dans l'oreille et la pâte;
-Nonc Ellis à la chasse avec la glace à mesure. Sept becs croches sur la branche. Fondre la branche pour avoir tous les sept. Sa casse-tête a tombé. Il avait pour pisser et ça a fait une chandelle de glace;
-Losing the motor off the boat;
-Lady went to Lafayette and asked Mr. Viator how much eggs were. 35 sous la douzaine pour les bons. 25 la douzaine pour les craqués; Craquer-la quelque douzaines;
-La jeune fille qui pêchait. Ça ne mord pas?;
-Ne pas parler anglais avant l'école. Aller en bas de la maison pour parler français;
-Mr. Mabile qui ne parlait pas français et voulait de la glace. Sa fille avait la fièvre typhoïde et il voulait de l'eau froide pour elle. Donner 50 livres de glace;
-Punir les enfants pour parler français à l'école;
-Aller à l'école sans soulier avec des pantalons courts. Voir où il a passé dans le blanc? le matin;
-Faire une vie dans le temps, pêcher et ramasser de la mousse verte. 5-7 sous la livre pour du poisson, 10 sous en carême. Tuer la mousse avec mercury en l'air, la mousse est tout noir. Attraper des frogs. $2.50/frog. Cocodrils. Un papier blanc pour recevoir des groceries/de l'argent pour de la mousse;
-Le monde travaille dans les usines asteur;
-Pedigree du boeuf. $600 pour son boeuf. Le boeuf avait un pedigree (le boeuf s'est bien excité);
-L'homme avec des animaux. Pas de verra. Emmener la truie dans le brouette 2 miles au verrat pour breed. Il a fait ça le lendemain aussi. Pas de 'tits cochons encore. La truie espérait dans la brouette le troisième jour;
-Le vieux corusse et le jeune et tous les volailles. Le vieux ne pouvais pas compete avec le jeune, il demande au jeune de lui faire un faveur. Faire une course. 3rd queer rooster that he bought this week;
-Le prêtre à l'envers. Faire la messe en deux différents campagnes et avait pour marcher loin. Le bougre dessus le motorcycle. Le ride serait plus vite et plus froid. Ils ont été un mile dans le bois et ils ont wreck, un dans le faucet et l'autre et le prêtre a eu le cou tordu;
-Le safari en Afrique--la chasse aux baboons. Des hommes dessus un safari. Un des vieux s'est allé à la chasse aux baboons avec le jeune qui n'avait jamais été. Un fusil et ses cartouches à 6 heures le matin dans le jeep. Le vieux avait son chien. Arriver à un gros bois plein de baboons. Grimper dans l'arbre, secouer les branches faire les baboons tomber, le chien va les attraper par le cou, et le jeune va les mettre dans le sac. Le fusil et les cartouches en tout cas le chien n'aurait pas fait ça;
-Traveling Salesman et les sourds. Le commis était un peu tard et ça a commencé à mouiller. Cogner à la porte, regarder à travers la craque, et voir le vieux monde. Sortir de là et aller à la prochaine maison. Une place pour passer la nuit parce que son char est cassé. Le vieux monde est fou. Ils sont sourd et stupid (conte fort);
-Le prêtre dans le confessional. Le bougre a eu une affaire avec sa belle, ce n'est pas much. La fille est venu se confesser, si elle donne au beau, elle devrait en donner au prêtre aussi. Le bougre retourne et se confesse de voler un panier d'oeuf. Couilloner pour sa belle, mais pas pour son panier d'oeuf;
-3 filles à la confesse. La première va, sort, et prend de l'eau béni pour se laver les mains. La seconde va et se lève la robe pour fouiller dans l'eau. Le troisième l'a crié de ne pas mettre son dernier dedans parce qu'elle aurait eu pour se guarir? la gorge avec;
-Le prêtre et les filles (la dose). La fille se confesse que le bougre l'a touché tout partout. Le prêtre demande où il l'a touché. Il l'a donné une dose;
-Le bol de soupe avec un cheveu dedans. Aller chercher un autre bol de souper et il ne voulait pas payer pour ce bol nonplus. Lui donner un refund. Un putain à l'autre bord de la rue. Elle l'a suivi et lui a surpris. Ne pas payer pour un poil là nonplus (conte fort);
-Aller à Houma pour parler avec son avocat;
-L'homme avec TB dans le climat sec. Il a parti et arrête dans le Texas. 6 mois ça ne mouille pas. Il a parti encore pour Californie au désert. 1 ans ça ne mouille pas? Il ne se rappelle pas de la dernière fois. Il loue une chambre, mais a eu une clé pour la mauvaise chambre. La porte de la chambre à bain se prenait une douche. Le bougre sort. C'était trop sec;
-Mr. Gaudet avait une autre, mais il l'a oublié;
Adley Gaudet, Claude Landry
Interview with Adley Gaudet and Claude Landry
Adley Gaudet, Claude Landry:
-Tony Moral un des meilleurs conteurs. Le plus il buvait de la bière, le plus qu'il contait;
-Gorilla--Floor Bouncer--Le Cadien au Texas. Cajun fights with gorilla trying to throw him out. Le bougre qui gamblait tout son argent aux cartes except son gorilla. Le bougre a perdu son gorilla. -Le Cadien arrête au bal et s'achète des bières. Il va payer le bartender dans un élan. Le gorilla est venu et ils ont pris à se battre. Le bougre croyait c'était un nègre. Le bartender a pu espérer après qu'il revient du Texas;
-Le chien à écureuil (sign language). $600 pour le chien, voir ce qu'il peut faire dans le bois. Le chien jappait où il y avait un écureuil dans le bois, un pâte. Deux pâtes, deux écureuils. Coucher dessus son dos avec les 4 pâtes dans l'air. Il y avait 4 écureuils dans l'arbre, mais ils se sont échappés;
-Northerner driving through Mississippi on country roads. He hits a black couple with his car. Le jeune bougre qui les a frappé voulait trouver un policier. La négresse a passé à travers su windshield, la charger pour 'breaking and entering.' Son nègre a volé à l'autre bord dans le bois, le charger pour 'leaving the scene of the crime';
-Le bougre qui pêchait et a attrapé un nègre enchaîné. Il a appelé le shérif;
-Two alligators--Clovis and Alphonse. Going years without seeing one another, one was fat and the other one was thin, both eat Blacks. Alphonse catches his Blacks while their fishing. Clovis tells him the only thing that remains is the tennis shoes and the 'legs?';
-Le Cadien et les 3 femelles avec le flat [...]. Donner les femmes un coup de main pour changer le pneu. Lui donner un 'tit peu pour le payer. Sommerset to prevent pregnancy-one on the ground, two in the air. Piquer les femmes;
-Two Cajuns who had never been to town were plowing in the fields. Two women had car trouble and they went to help them out, fix the car for them. They gave the guys a little something for helping them out. First encounter with rubbers. A week later, he was plowing in the fields and the lady with a baby;
-Victor et Arthur essaient de casser le bal. Un petit homme de 5 pieds (Jake). Passer Jake qui a 90 livres à travers la fenêtre?;
Two buyers for the King of England--Jake and Mike. 2 Pineapples, 24 bananas and sweet potatoes. La garde prend ça et lui donne au cuisinier. Une garde l'attrape. Pauvre Jake avec ses 2 ananas;
-Baptists from up north. His little sister didn't speak English and they didn't speak French. They didn't speak English until they got to school. His youngest brother and sister don't hardly speak French.
-His kids only understand a little bit. French is no longer spoken, it's coming back;
-Vendredi Saint--no digging, because you'd find blood in earth. Adley Gaudet tried that and didn't find any blood;
Adley Gaudet, Claude Landry
Interview with Julien Comeaux
Julien Comeaux:
-Le vieux temps--c'est (pas?) pareil;
-Ne pas voir une bonne femme au bal;
-Les mères élevait les enfants;
-Fumer et boire dans le temps;
-Les vieux ne seraient pas content avec la manière les affaires vont;
-Mon carcasse va au cimetière, mais où mon âme va aller?. C'est fini après la mort?;
-Le pays est gâté;
-Ce n'est pas la peine le Bon Dieu revient dessus la terre?;
-Le vieux monde venir ici pas bateau ou par bêtes?;
-Son travail comme peintureur. $100 pour peinturer dernièrement. $125 par jour à $30 la maison?;
-Ne pas aller à l'école. Les nègres n'ont pas de chance;
-Élever ses enfants parmi les blancs. Des nurses;
-Le monde malhabillé. Habille-toi bien;
-Diner après la messe et boire une bière avec son garçon. Aller à la messe avec une chemise blanche, ses soulier noirs, et ses pantalons noirs. Jamais sans son capot;
-Home;
-Les hommes qui faisaient du whisky/moonshine. Devenir millionaire;
-Le vieux monde trouver un couteau dans le chemin. Tailler jusqu'à il était las;
-Emmener son père à Carencro. Le pays après renverser, ce n'est plus pareil;
-Son père était un ésclave. Il raconter quelques histoires;
-Mr. Albert. Pierre Comeaux (son père) parlait pour la justice;
-La vigilance--il a vu ça lui même. Jamais bloquer le petits. Arroser, ramasser du coton. Bien élever ses petits;
-Julien n'était jamais pressé. Les petits se sont mariés, ont des propres maisons. Pas de tracas;
-Les jeunes qui jouent la pelote;
-Comment c'était dans les bals de vieux temps. Les bals de maison. La musique et les instruments (accordéon, 'tit fer);
-Tobah? un bon musicien. Claude Faulk--joueur d'accordéon et chanteur de couleur;
-N'aller pas au bal malhabillé. Être assez bien élevé. Des bals de maison chez Julien Comeaux à Carencro. Inviter le monde au bal;
-Les constables. Julien était constable et gardait la paix. Respecter les filles;
-René Conque, son papa, et Saï? Babineaux--des constables. Plus de coups de bâton, tout à pistolet;
-Le monde en cachette;
-Cash son check, broke;
-Comment les mères et les pères devrait bien élever leurs enfants. Quand maman disait non, c'était non est c'était tout;
-Les jeunes filles qui viennent et deviennent broke;
-Les hommes qui abandonne leur femme pour un autre. Montrer ça aux enfants;
-Les blancs et les noirs et les jaunes;
-Un garçon qui a marié sa maman. Marier sa soeur, avec un petit?;
-Ne perd pas ton respect. Le monde devrait suivre un bon principe;
-Partir au bal ou à un gros souper. Dépenser $50-60 et ne pas avoir rien pour la famille;
-Parler pour la justice aux enfants;
-Le prix de tout monte. Le monde qui devient des millionnaires. 50 sous pour du tabac. Plus acheter arien avec 10 sous. 15 sous le paquet pour du tabac dans le temps. Du gaz, de l'huile, de la graisse;
-Des bénéfices;
-Deux qu'avait une 'tite grocerie;
-L'église;
-Ms. Decuire and Ms. Mouton (noire). Mr. Comeaux n'enyoye pas ses enfants à l'école. $1 par famille. L'école es mulâtres?;
-Un prêtre qui est venu, charger chacun $50 pour l'école. Pousser tous le noirs dehors;
-La neige tombait, arrêter là. Sam Brown, ? Guidry. La grocerie à l'autre bord de Mermentau?;
-Votre fils est là?;
-Pistolet. L'autre a resté et n'a jamais mangé. Trouver le truck. Lui laisser gêler. Des blancs qu'est là. Respecter le monde;
-Jamais avoir du tracas. Travailler deux ans de temps avec des femmes. Élever ses petits;
-L'homme pendu à Sunset des années passé. Suivre un bon principle;
-Houston, En Ville (Nouvelle-Orléans), n'import où tu vas, Rayne--connaître des blancs;
-Tailler ce nègre;
Julien Comeaux (80+)
Interview with Frank Couppel
Frank Couppel:
-Un homme qui avait une fille avait des carrelet à Grosse Tête. Arrêter et trouver une chaudière pleine d'argent et d'or;
-Voir des affaires. Son frère a entendu quelque chose dans le bois qui se plaignait. Peut-être il y avait de l'argent enterré;
-Discussion of familiar people. Les Crochets de Lafayette. Une vieille fille qui s'appelait Thérèse, il n'a jamais entendu parler d'elle depuis qu'elle a déménagé. Alcide, Louis ('Shoe' son 'tit nom), -Clay de Morgan City avec la jambe coupé, aussi un barbier pour +60 ans;
-Une femme habillé en blanc ou un homme sans tête--il n'a jamais entendu de ça;
-Les avertissements et les revenants;
-Nonc Joe (frère à son père) et les cochons et sa grosse femme. Il faisait des colliers pour des mulets avec de la mousse. Une fille au camp. Le jaune à Nonc Joe soigner ses cochons. Attraper une dizaine de cochons, les amarrer, les mettre dans le bateau, et les ramener chez lui. Aller chez Pete LeJeune aux Cannes Frisés. Faire le tour de clos pour être sûr la barrière est toujours après travailler comme il faut.
-Un poulet traversait le jardin et un madrier d'un 1 pieds de large. Il ne voulait pas qu'elle passa là-dessus parce qu'elle pesait 300 livres, elle passait au ras de la coulée. Faire voler la poussière. -Simon et son passe-partout. Simon n'était pas là, il est retourné et a attelé ses mulets lui-méme. 7 arpents de terre. Il voyait les mulets, Nonc Joe avait tombé en arrière de ses mulets. La première fois elle a passé dessus ce madrier, Nonc Joe est mort. Son père a pris la charette et lui a ramené là-dedans;
-Édouard Alleman parlait des indiens;
-Un oncle qui restait 12 miles en arrière de Loreauville dessus une habitation. Il avait pour arrêter parce qu'il avait des oppressions. L'indien lui a apporté ce qu'il avait besoin de pour être guérit. -L'indien aurait check dessus lui quelques jours d'après. Ses voisins avaient des oppressions aussi. Il est venu dans la pluie pour comment il se sentait. L'indien n'avait pas le droit de guérir les autres. Il a guérit son oncle juste pour montrer que les indiens avaient des remèdes pour toutes les maladies;
-Mal dessus le pied et Dr. Daigle. Les remèdes qu'il a été donné ont fait les affaires plus mauvais. Dire ça à son garçon et aller voir Dr. LeBlanc;
-Varise et Clébert jouait le violon et le guitare et chantaient en français;
-Personne ne parlait anglais au Pierre Part dans le temps et asteur. John Crochet parlait anglais. Joe Crochet et O'Neil (deux frères?). Le prêtre les a envoyé au collège pour apprendre l'anglais;
-Varise et Clément--musiciens. Ils jouaient des chansons de danse, différent des chansons de soirée;
-Les Bals de maison. Aller à cheval pour inviter les autres;
-Le monde des différents voisinages ne s'adonnaient pas. Des batailles;
-Francis Cavalier (pas grand chose) vs. Émile Blanchard (bon homme)--rendez-vous. Émile a planté un coup de poings à Francis;
-Une place appointé pour des rendez-vous--La place à Mr. Landry tous les dimanches après la messe;
-Des batailles au mouchoir;
-Nègres au Pierre Part qui tuaient les cochons. Les nègres se rappelle toujours de ça;
-Un beau-frère de Madisonville voulait retourner à Pierre Part. Il a été voir le nègre qui donnait du tracas. Le monde est trop mauvais pour les nègres au Pierre Part. Aller pendant la journée, mais jamais se coucher là. Il est mort deux semaines d'après;
-Mortalités dans la famille. Un neveu d'en ville (Nouvelle-Orléans) et une soeur aller à l'enterrement. Son neveu a eu une attaque de coeur, envoyé à Bâton Rouge avant qu'il est mort;
Frank Couppel
Interview with Westley 'Kit' Dennis
Westley 'Kit' Dennis:
-You can't get out of the way fast enough when you're 82-83 years old;
-Raising 7 mules. He loved that. Raising and caring for (sick) horses. He wishes he could've written down this knowledge;
-Driving 4 mules during sugar cane harvests;
-Taking pictures to show what he used to do. Description of how to hook up and guide mules. It was a job, but it was pretty to see at the same time;
-La raffinerie au village Vin Trosco? Ramasser du coton chez les Montgomery. Rester à côté et retourner pour la vielle fille de Bourgeois;
-Il n'y avait pas de trop à Scott dans le temps. Le café Bourque. Feed Store (Antique Revival now across from Coffee Depot?) était le magasin à Martin Begnaud qui a été tué par les 'tits français. Chaque fois qu'il venait pour manger, il pensait à Martin Begnaud;
-Ceux qui lit la bible peut-être pourraient dire, mais il y avait plus de miracles dans le temps;
-Proche pas de barrière. Des feux follets. Il n'y avait pas autant de lumières et les maisons avaient des craques. Aller à cheval ou à pieds. Voir les feux follets au ras de la maison. Mettre des couteaux/fourchettes pour la nuit pour qu'ils vont après ça;
-Le monde qui était mort sans être baptisé. Avoir raison pour respecter le Bon Dieu;
-Pas de banque pendant la guerre. Enterrer de l'argent et tuer un homme ou un chien pour le garder;
-Essayer fouiller de l'argent deux fois avec des machines;
-Voir des affaires au ras de l'argent enterré. Revenir de l'habitation Montgomery. Alcide Judice et vieux Fontenot et lui après chercher l'argent au coin du bois. Mr. Fontenot croyait que l'esprit les avait divertit pour qu'ils ne trouvent pas l'argent;
-Des avertissements--si quelque chose arrive dans la famille;
-Le bougre malade toute l'année est venu bien, mieux qu'il était avant. Il passait chez ses oncles et ses tantes et puis il est mort le soir qu'il s'est couché après qu'il est revenu chez lui;
-Aller au bal dans le temps. Arriver à temps pour entendre la musique. Aller avec une belle. Tout fait dans les maisons. Les clubs étaient après. Raffle de gâteau dimanche après-midi. Voler le gâteau souvent;
-Jouer des niches, mais pas souvent;
-Quand il avait 20-23 ans, il ne pouvait pas aller au bal. Laisser maman où ils étaient partis. Retourner avant 1 heures le matin. Courtiser une fille, quitter de là avant 9 heures la nuit. C'est pas pareil--différence comme jour et nuit;
-Content de voir les jeunes s'amuser comme ils s'amusaient dans le temps. C'est trop dangereux et les jeunes ne respectent plus les vieux;
-13 ans rester dessus la même habitation avec des autres familles. La cuisine ne touchait pas la maison, battre avec son ami entre. Sa mère les a attrapé, des boulons et du bois pour chasser du lapin. Jamais faire la chasse avec un fusil. Des bon chiens à lapin. Garocher un baton et les faire se sauver;
-Nanouche, comme sa propre mère. Elle lui aurait plumé si elle l'aurait attrapé et puis sa mère l'aurait plumé encore;
-Couper des boites de coton? avec des couteaux de canne. Sa mère crie après lui et lui demande de couper un fouet dans l'arbre (et pas un qui était sec et aurait cassé dessus le premier coup);
-Lui et sa soeur piochait le même bout. Maman passer pour check s'ils ont manqué une place. Couper ton fouet et le tailler toi-même et te mettre à genou. Peut-être il ne serait pas là si sa mère n'aurait pas fait ça;
-Élever des enfants comme le vieux temps (pas trop libre), tu ne pourrais jamais faire ça aujourd'hui;
-Un tas plus monde que dans le temps. Ils n'auraient pas oublié;
-Travailler dur après que son père est mort. Aider sa mère à supporter ses trois frères et deux soeurs. Juste un s'est marié avant lui, danser nue-pieds à la noce;
-Il aimait danser. Danser avant le stroke. Il aimait un glide et une valse les mieux. Two-step, mazurkas. Contrieurs de danse contrier pour de l'argent;
-Gagner des gâteaux;
-Battre au bal était bien rare. Quand ils étaient jeune, le monde tuait aux bals;
-Faire des rendez-vous. Battre au coup de poings. En avoir assez;
-Battre au coup de mouchoir. Faire un rond et rester dans le rond;
-Voir des tués aux bals. L'oncle (par alliance) de son beau-frère n'a pas aimait la manière son neveu faisait. Il a ouvert son rasoir dessus son neveu. Tirer 3 balles dessus son oncle. Ils ont tiré Jules. C'est drôle. Nothing clears out a house like that. Son beau-pére planté en arrière de lui et lui a piqué avec un couteau;
-La vigilance. Du monde pendu, entendre parler de ça;
-La couleur n'a plus de droits. Les buchers, se venger ou les tuer;
-Rawhide, fouette à peau de bête. 200 hommes et chacun avait 5 ou 10 coups;
-Des blancs pendus aussi;
-Personne n'essayait d'arrêter ça, c'était trop dangereux;
-Tuer Martin Begnaud et un autre homme en France. 9 mois en prison en lui faisant des misères. Il était un membre de cette vigilance. Le dernier à ce magasin. Hamp Benton?;
-Les voir rentrer. Lui tuer à coup de couteau;
-Couper la cable qu'ils ont usé pour les pendre. Mr. Martin avait deux 'tits morceaux de cable. Il est mort après les ôter d'en haut de l'armoire;
-La fin de la vigilance. Le gouverneur a cassé ça;
-The leader of the vigilantes. Sa mère pourrait raconter de ça;
-Courir Mardi Gras au ras d'ici à cheval. Courser des poules. Il ne s'est jamais masqué avec une masque, il peinturait sa figure et se déguiser pour faire le monde rire. Courir jusqu'au village. -Son frère ne lui a jamais reconnu;
Westley 'Kit' Dennis;
***Original Catalogue--Erroneous Description***
-L'Île Navarre and Long Plantation;
-The bird that sounded like a baby;
-The man on the porch;
-Signs of buried money or people killed in war;
-Feux follets;
-Loup-garous;
-Boogie men;
-Madame Grand Doigt;
-Tataille;
-Cauchemar/Couche-mal;
-Traiteurs;
-Traitement pour des orteils foulés;
-Racinages et herbes;
-De liane aux quatre;
-Graines de Mamou;
-Coups de soleil;
-Seigner;
-Brûler;
-Passing the healing from one to another;
-Loss of healing tradition;
-'Mal Anglais';
-Le vieux nègre et le vieux blanc;
Interview with Mr. and Mrs. Westley 'Kit' Dennis
Mr. and Mrs. Westley 'Kit' Dennis:
-Mardi Gras. La chanson de Mardi Gras;
-Des jurés--des danses sans instruments. Il a entendu parler de ça;
-Les Flammes d'Enfer--entendue joué et 'shooé?;
-Les vieilles danses: Nonc Toubah et les valses à deux temps (prenait des bons danseurs, il n'a jamais connu), Les mazurkas/valses (arrêté et Carencro). Danser comme un carencro;
-Le bougre et la graine magique. Juste une graine de coton, tu la plantes et tu peux produire 5 balles de coton, 5 loads de maïs, pas moins qu'1 load de tactac (popcorn), 1 load de patates. Pas si fou que ça;
-Le merveilleux charpentier. Un bougre cherchait pour un ouvrier et a trouvé un qui pouvait monter une maison dans une éclaire. Couper le pin et il a fini la maison avant le haut de l'arbre est tombé à terre;
-Conter dans le temps. Plus le temps pour ça asteur. Des contes dessus le monde;
-L'homme aveugle et ses amis (fragment). Il a tué un canard et celui sans jambe a été le chercher. Il l'a donné à celui sans bras. Oublier la balance, il allait plus loin que ça;
-Il avait habitude de conter un tas des affaires, mais il ne peut plus penser à tout ça et ce n'est plus pratiqué;
-Passer la journée à conter des contes. Les enfants intéressé en ça;
-Bouki et Lapin voler du miel et faire carême/se faire baptisé;
-Riddle: Man who kills his mother, buries his father and marries his sister. Man like that ought to be killed. You'd kill a priest?;
-Riddle: Two men, father of two women and their children. Not related at all. Natural, but rare;
-Ça mouillait assez que les poteaux allaient sur la barrière pour pas noyer;
-Oublier. Il se rappelle d'un tas de quand il était jeune, est il a oublié un tas aussi. reference to vigilance story recorded earlier on AN1-191: reprise;
-Wagons: Gang plow with cat heads. He pushed him and he fell under the wagon. Throwing the plow, he weighed 200-somthing pounds;
-Denbo Nixon était la seule place tu pouvais acheter des wagons;
-Tomber du wagon et se faire foutre un coup de baton;
-Passer la pleine course et arrêter chez Mr. Breaux. Mr. Jean Jacques, il a tombé du cheval et a galopé;
-15 jours après en arrière du lit, il y avait un armoire. Faire tomber l'armoire;
-Reprise of vigilance story (reference to Sam Montgomery). Il a sauvé l'affaire. Venir en avant de la maison, mais ils n'ont pas rentré dans le cour. Ils ne se masquaient jamais, tout le monde les connaissait. Toujours le soir. Ils ne brûlaient pas des maisons;
-Un homme de couleur n'avait pas le droit de rester parti le soir dans le temps de l'esclavage--voyage passes to travel (avoir un ticket). Vigilance après ce temps;
-La Guerre des Confédérés (contre les Yankees) and resulting vigilance, the vote. Taking away the rights of Blacks;
Civil Rights. Blacks started voting again. People tried to stop that. Mr. Breaux--le premier nègre pour se faire registré à la maison de court (Youyou Park? chez Joe Hernandez?). Un Domengeaux a dit ça aussi;
-People put stuff in their heads. No reason to keep grudges. 'We're all people/human.' Things would be better if we'd respect one another;
-Taking time to help one another. Helping with crops in the old days if people would fall sick whether you were black or white. Now--They will steal from each other;
-Partir chez les Montgomery à pieds au Depot à 10-11 heures. Seul ou 3-4 monde. Marcher pas aussi loin asteur;
-Out at night, then and now. Un tas ne veut pas travailler, mais ils veulent de l'argent. Ils apprennent ça. Ce n'est pas une vie;
-Du monde qui se détruit;
-Phonograph, pocket watch(es) stolen, and a purse/wallet during the day. They didn't find his piggy bank/stash;
Mr. and Mrs. Westley 'Kit' Dennis
Interview with Dewey Balfa
Dewey Balfa (54):
-Going to festivals to get laughed at and bringing home the 'echo.' Good cornbread until someone tells them what they have, coming from the outside;
-Learning songs from his father and some of the other musicians such as J.B. Fuselier, Leo Soileau, Harry Choates, Bob Wills & the Texas Playboys;
-He loves all musics;
-Musical family. Grandfather, great-grandfather played fiddle, they're still alive through the music. Brothers still alive in the same way;
-Old people didn't want their music to be played after they died. Dewey doesn't like the idea of people making money of dead people's music;
-Respecting Floyd Soileau by waiting a year after they died before releasing some more music. Elvis Presley, Hank Williams Sr., Harry Choates, Iry LeJeune, even Dewey's brothers;
-1948-string band. Playing 8 gigs a week. Some places couldn't afford a full band or Mr. Hadley Fontenot (accordion player at the time) couldn't make it;
-Playing Texas swing/popular music of the time;
-Iry LeJeune's Love Bridge Waltz-turning point, music wasn't dead, just underground. One of the first artists/accordionists to be recorded after WWII. Harry Choates was playing string band music. Iry was recreating Amédé Ardoin's music;
-Ralph Rinzler in 1964, before then in the 1950s. Playing music for different gatherings wit his brothers. Dewey always asked Floyd to make an album with a photograph and a statement from each artist that recorded them (Dick Richard, Nonc Allie Young, etc.) because they were part of the Balfa Bros. band;
-Balfa Bros. not a family band, but a brotherhood. Dick Richard, Marc Savoy, Robert Jardell, Nathan Abshire, Allie Young-big family with lots of love;
-Ralph Rinzler looking for talent in Acadiana. Newspaper article in Opelousas newspaper;
-Revon Reed's radio show-interviewing musicians. Dewey had to work. Revon called up Dewey at the time Barry Goldwater was running for president against Lyndon B. Johnson. Dewey WAS NOT interested in going to Newport, Rhode Island. His family convinced him to call Revon back. Vinnis LeJeune planned on going, but the guitarist decided not to go;
-Dewey had no idea what a festival/workshop/concert was. He always loved to play music, a good pass-time, universal language via facial expression. Playing house dances, clubs. Going from seeing less than 200 people to 17,000 in Newport. Peter, Paul, & Mary. Johnny Cash. Mississippi John Hurt;
-Dewey, Vinnis LeJeune, Gladdie Thibodeaux, Revon Reed on triangle and Mr. Paul as dignitary;
-Action needs to be taken, but what could a poor guy like Dewey do? Thanking Ralph Rinzler for the opportunity. Leading to several other festivals and traveling;
-The Balfa Bros. have broken more virgin ground with traditional Cajun music than any other band. Always thought they'd meet an audience that booed them away, still haven't run into that;
-1967-First time in Newport. Doing work with Ambrose Thibodeaux, the Landreneaus. Dewey had a specific traditional sound with his family band, doing stuff with his family band. Ralph came to Mamou in 1965 and did a lot of recordings which are now in the Library of Congress;
-A little rusty. Nathan Abshire didn't wanna get on a plane, he finally started traveling with Dewey;
-Father's experience with music vs. Dewey's/Nathan playing 30,000 feet in the air on a plane. Quite a big change;
-Will this music/language/culture survive? No one worked in the fields and played music and told stories. Kids came back from school, did homework and watched tv (artificial things). Bringing music into the schools via a grant;
-Music of the people, no longer chanky-chank;
-Barry describing Dewey's effort to bring music out of the dancehalls and to force people to think about this. Making the students understand that they don't only have Beethoven, the Beetles, and Hank Williams Jr. to imitate, musicians from their own culture. Making this music available to them;
-If a person has lost his roots, Dewey feels sorry for them. Dewey's culture is no better than any other culture, it's the best culture for him. First American, then Cajun;
-Playing for a superintendent--mixture of white and black people. Chanky-chank vs beautiful. White and Black cultures intertwined in our part of the country--gumbo;
-People are used to thinking certain ways;
-Dewey, Leo LeBlanc, and James Domengeaux-Domengeaux referred to it as chanky-chank. Ron and Faye Stanford doing research on the music. Be sure not to mention Cajun music at the camp. Traveling with his music. Domengeaux didn't think it was important. 80% of the preservation of the French language came through the music;
-First Festival Acadien et Créole went for 3 days and convinced what music meant to people of this area. Dewey had a lot to do with creating it;
-No age limit, no blind people, even deaf people can respond to the vibration of music;
-Exposing music to the people in power. Most people were aiming at the audience. Dewey wasn't worried about the audience, his aim was at the big wigs for them to see what music meant to the general public. Music will take care of the audience, aiming at the cultural authorities;
-Rinzler asked Dewey is he realized how many lives/people that the Balfa Bros. have affected via the music. Dewey realized only after Will and Rodney died how much influence they had;
-Barry never saw Dewey go after glory. Dewey becoming a cultural hero by his good example. Musicians who had the same experiences from outside as Dewey. Dewey feels gifted, because he's limited in book education. Spokesman for the culture;
-Dewey wanted Rodney or Nathan or someone else to speak. Dewey felt like the loudmouth. Rodney told him he spoke well and to continue doing it. Dewey's godfather told him he couldn't speak English, but he could take his place in French;
-A week in Canada. He called up his godfather and he refused;
-Dewey had questions often (the Good Lord is hearing him) and he didn't know the answer, but something would happen to where he had a logical answer. He always felt he had this mission;
-The echo alerted the people here. The culture had to bounce back from the outside for people to quit taking it for granted. Concerts all over the world for benefits for Will and Rodney when they died. Even a grant for a documentary concerning the survival of the culture;
-Statues and plaques are all fine and good (like Huey Long). Dewey would like to see their legacy in the survival of the music and the culture;
-Dewey knowing he was getting through to people. Barry, Michael Doucet. Barry is still talking about the audience. Dewey was aiming at the people who had the power;
-NEA meeting in New Orleans. Allan Jabore? People wanted to go ride around and visit Cajun country. Calling around for a restaurant. 30-40 people. Feeding everyone for a $50 gumbo and potato salad;
-Louisiana's culture divided into 3, you can't put all three of them together. Eating gumbo, sauce piquante, boudin, cracklins, etc. in another area of the state. Ruining/destroying culture by importing/exporting aspects;
-People went back to Washington D.C. and Dewey and Batiste from Baton Rouge and a lady from Shreveport all appointed to the advisory panel. Nothing for traditional culture/music. No proposal for folklorism, Dewey asking for the monies to be held until the issue is recognized and there was an amendment to allocate monies. Same thing in Missouri, Dewey saw and knew where it was needed. He did his share, even though it may not have been big;
-Getting the people of the power to talk about it. Big change in the attitude of the youth (like Barry, Michael Doucet). People Barry's age and younger who are now proud to be Cajun and speak French and were previously ashamed to claim their culture;
-Just beginning, just lit the fire. Someone needs to take over;
Dewey Balfa (54)
***Either 1981 or 1982, date unknown***
Continued on AN1-194
Interview with Dewey Balfa
Dewey Balfa (54):
-Importing culture via television/radio. French culture from France and Canada. Dewey would've like to have seen Cajun French recognized as a completely feasible language. If you don't speak -Parisian French, you didn't speak French at all. Writing down Cajun French;
-Corrupted words and phrases because of oral languages;
-Je vas aller chez Barry vs. Je vas y aller;
-Writing and teaching both Cajun and Parisian French. Being capable of speaking both. Speaking Parisian French takes away the Cajun-ness;
-Singing Jolie Blonde in Parisian French;
Respecting all types of French;
-Lafayette poet--exchanging rights. Not imposing culture upon anyone;
-Barry's anthology since 1969, writing Cajun French. Cajun French wasn't able to write, so they couldn't write their language. Dewey agrees 100% with Barry;
-Everyone has a different/specific job to do;
-Nothing but chanky-chank, only an oral language. The music wasn't real because he only learned it from his father;
-Father wasn't a person because he couldn't read or write? Dewey is a musician, but can't read or write music;
-Playing music by ear. Learning to talk before being able to write. Dewey always depended on his ear;
-Dewey gets a lot of good questions. Dewey was stressing Cajun music too much. He needed to promote all cultural expression/music;
-Playing for an audience, Dewey's in a different world. Marc Savoy and Dewey playing a soundtrack for a movie. Ry Cooder sat in the studio, Dewey felt like he was floating and there was nothing he could do wrong with that rhythm. He hadn't felt like that since playing with Rodney;
-Rodney and Dewey wrote songs and planned to do an album. Dewey would like to have Ry, Marc, and Tony to record, even songs in English. Tribute to the culture;
-Culture has to change, it's a living thing. When it stops changing, it dies;
-Staying within the guidelines of the culture (eating a gumbo from someone out of the area). Alice Gerard (Mike Seeger's wife) can cook a gumbo just like a Cajun;
-Young musicians playing traditional and new musics;
-Dewey can listen to Camey Doucet, Ralph Richard, and Robert Jardell, who is in the guidelines. Respecting what they are doing;
-Michael Doucet doesn't know what he would like to do, he can stay within the guidelines if he wants but he can also go really wild and tear it up;
-Doc Guidry's Over the Waves;
-Fine lines. Tracy Schwarz playing Cajun music. People not of this culture playing this 'chanky-chank' music. Playing it not to become popular or rich, but because it's from the heart;
-Direct line from Dewey's heart to his fingers, no mind. Dewey's in tune when his strings please his ears, it feels right;
-Dennis McGee said he can tell if he's in tune when he's no longer out of tune;
-The Folk Process. Knowing the questions. Dewey vs. Dennis. Dewey can answer the question unlike the others that Barry has mentioned. They loved the culture just as much as Dewey, they just cannot explain themselves;
-David Marcantel--people who think about their culture too much change;
-Nathan Abshire and Dennis McGee don't think about what they do, they just do it. Thinking about it sets Dewey apart?;
-Dewey has a mission to do while also driving a schoolbus, owning a furniture store, etc. Cajun music has found its place. Dewey wouldn't change a thing in his life, no regrets;
-Trip to France and realizing how fortunate to have the little schooling he had and the travels and experiences he had. People are the best education. How unfortunate his ancestors were;
-1977-Dewey gave the first lecture on Cajun music at USL. The prophet in his own land, people are finally listening. Dewey sees he has a special gift. If he would've had a college degree, he would've never have done what he did. He had enough education, understanding, knowledge that someone had to do this work. Feeling uneasy about talking about the culture at home. Easier to talk about it outside of the area. The hardest lecture he's ever given (recorded);
-Nobody is going to support you even if you think they should. Get a tape recorder, give up beer. Win the pot with a trump. Barry feels privileged to work with Dewey;
-The importance of this program. Dewey would dare any elected official that this program is not important in the schools;
-Politics of culture;
-Barry's students doing fieldwork projects with their grandfathers. Hilda in the hospital in New Orleans, oldest daughter from Breaux Bridge got into religious discussion and she couldn't believe that Dewey could answer all of these things. Taking it for granted that her father didn't have the faith that he did;
-Generations coming together, realizing who her father really was. She never saw him as a faithful man, only as a musician;
-Dewey hitting a lot of the 12,000 people in the audience too, not just the people in power. Only listening just to dance. The first Festival Acadiens et Créoles made people actually listen to their own music, it was beautiful;
-Marc Boudreau who played with Octa Clark in 1977. Going to the first festival and picking up his father's accordion;
-Fiddle workshop with Jules Losier?;
-Effect from the outside and the inside. Newport vs. Lafayette;
-Dewey always saw himself and his brothers/group as not very popular because they played the old style of playing. Thinking about going to the 'nightclub sound' like with the record with Sonnet. Sticking to the traditional sounds even when people may have like more modern sounds;
-History at the first festival in 1974. No other musician could do what they did. Harder at home than away from home;
Dewey Balfa (54)
***Either 1981 or 1982, date unknown***
Comes after AN1-193
PSA's Festival de Musique Acadienne (10th anniversary)
Pete Bergeron;
PSA's Festival de Musique Acadienne (10th anniversary);
Free admission at Girard Park, Lafayette;
15-16 September 1984;
Put on by Lafayette Jaycees and USL;
***See Page 65 in 'One Generation at a Time' by Barry Jean Ancelet and Philip Gould***
Pete Bergeron
Dewey Balfa at Creswell Elementary;
Dewey Balfa, Tony Balfa, Nonc Allie Young, and Rockin' Dopsie at Creswell Elementary in Opelousas, Louisiana:
-Talking in English. Honor for Dewey to come and talk about the Cajun culture;
-What the word Cajun means. From corruption of the word Acadian, from France. Came to Acadia and exiled in 1755 to Southwest Louisiana;
-Hard lives, music pulled them through. Playing music and telling stories after a hard days of work;
-Acadians brought violins/fiddles. Difference between a violin and a fiddle--same instrument, just depends on who's playing it. Classical music-violin, Cajun music-fiddle (can't read and write music, plays his feelings and not what's on paper). Tuned the same way (EADG);
-Bow made of hardwood and horsehair. Tightening and loosening the hair. White horses? Bleaching hair to make it white;
-A bow needs rosin to make a noise. From a pine tree and makes the hair catch the strings;
-Learning where the notes are on the instrument in order to play a song in mind;
-Tu peux cogner/Keep a knockin';
-Country fiddling (single notes) vs. Cajun fiddling (drones). Blues mans plays his blues, Cajun plays with drones;
-Seconding-chords and rhythm with the bow. There was no guitar or anything else to keep rhythm;
-Started teaching kids rhythm (triangle). Everything has an art (cutting grass, painting, etc.);
-Tony playing triangle without choking it (without feeling) and with choking it (feeling);
-Scott Playboys Special (Old Crowley Two-step) with spoons;
-Very few people had money to buy instruments. Using fiddlesticks (with cross-tuned fiddle);
-Sponsors for Dewey coming to the schools to teach school kids about Cajun and Creole culture;
-Fiddlesticks are used to keep rhythm, like a drummer. Cross-tuned (BGDG). Hitting the bigger strings. Certain time to hit the big and small strings;
-J'ai été au bal hier au soir (similar to The Rabbit Stole The Pumpkin, Joe Falcon's Ne Buvez Plus Jamais)/Lost Indian (from Appalachian fiddler);
-1890-1900-arrival of the accordion by the Acadians, Mexicans, and Blacks (Amédé Ardoin), German origin. Popular because there was no amplification and the accordion could be heard. 4 sets of reeds, 4 times louder than a fiddle;
-Accordion can bass himself too, whereas you'd need at least two fiddles (one to play melody and one to second);
-Diatonic-different notes when you push and pull;
-Sundown Playboys Special (without and then with bass). Fuller with bass;
-Late 1920s-1930s, Cajun adopted guitar. At one time, fiddles had 5 strings. Adding a string to guitars and putting frets. Can't sliding up on a fretted instruments, sliding up on fiddle. The fiddle has any note within the reach of his 4 fingers. Picking or rhythm on guitar;
-Tous les Soirs and Tu Peux Cogner/Keep a knockin' sung;
-Tous les Soirs with accordion and guitar;
-Accordions and fiddles playing solo until they could tune together. Creation of bands;
-Same melodies, different titles. La Vasle à Allie Young/Rockin' Dopsie/des Opelousas. Where or whom the person learned the tune from;
-Always a leader in the group. Dewey telling people it's time to end the song;
-Triple-row accordion, can play any kind of music. Zydeco music (French music mixed with blues and jazz). Sounding like an accordion, saxophone, violin, harmonica, organ;
-Changing buttons. 12 bass buttons on the bass side. Breather/blower/whistle/air button-Asthma Waltz;
-Rockin' Dopsie plays accordion upside down because he plays left-handed. Learning how to play instruments. Dewey learned harmonica opposite with the big notes to his right;
-Rockin' Dopsie learning on his father's accordion while he was working in the field. He thought it was the right way;
-Joséphine, c'est pas ma femme (without, then with bass and full band);
-Opelousas Waltz;
-Zydeco and Cajun music can play together, except for the blues. Nobody can the blues like a Black person;
-Rockin' Dopsie playing the blues until 4 am, he got home and his wife said he didn't live there anymore;
-Untitled Zydeco/Blues number (same as on AN1-197). Did the organ part on the last round, really bluesy and wanna cry. Dewey playing the blues on triangle;
-Why Nonc Allie doesn't play when Rockin' Dopsie is playing;
-Learning what buttons to push/pull. Driving down the street and turning left, not right. Bringing a bite of food to your mouth. Ray Charles plays piano blind, he know where the notes are;
-Only 6th graders in band, these are only 3rd and 4th graders. Who has a desire to play music. Music as a universal language;
-Practicing just like doing homework, you've got to study. You have to work at it. Music is just as hard as education. Dopsie can only sign his name, he didn't go to school;
-Kids fortunate to go to school;
-Not forgetting the hard times. Music kept families together and the happy life going;
-Diatonic Accordion with explanation;
Dewey Balfa, Tony Balfa, Nonc Allie Young, and Rockin' Dopsie at Creswell Elementary in Opelousas, Louisiana
Dewey Balfa at Park Vista School;
Dewey Balfa, Tony Balfa, Nonc Allie Young, and Rockin' Dopsie at Park Vista School in Opelousas, Louisiana:
-Talking about Cajun music. Acadians bringing their music with them. Very important and music as a universal language. Watches the audience;
-Acadians brought violins/fiddles with them. Depends on who uses it (Classical-violin, Cajun-fiddle);
-Tuned EADG. Dewey plays the fiddle because he can't read music;
-Bow made of hardwood and horse hair. White horses? Bleaching hairs. Loosening and tightening the bow;
-Rosin from pine trees makes the sound. Without rosin, the strings wouldn't sound;
-Each string tuned to a different note. Finding the song that you want by learning the fiddle;
-No frets, very sensitive instrument. It becomes part of you, like any body part;
-He doesn't not play music for a living;
-Nonc Allie Young, retired store owner. Very proud of his nephew who is a brick layer, Tony Balfa, Rodney's son. Playing country music and rock and roll. Filling his father's shoes. Rockin' Dopsie traveling the world;
-Country sound (single notes) vs. Cajun sound (with drones). T'es Petit et T'es Mignonne;
-Hear the hurt of the Acadians from years past;
-It's hard to play, but if you practice and want it enough, you'll get it. Dewey first starting and sounding like catching a cat by its tail. Practicing in the barn;
-Teaching Cajun fiddle, Dewey has a couple of albums or talking to a musician;
-Different sizes of fiddles, violas;
-Dewey started when he 13 years old. He can play fiddle, accordion, rhythm guitar, harmonica, mess around with piano. His fiddle is his best. Relaxing to play fiddle;
-Keeping rhythm is very important. Older people would teach rhythm before melody. Triangle--beating it without and then with choking (T'es Petit et T'es Mignonne);
-Anything that is worth doing is not easy. Learning to play spoons. People didn't have money to buy instruments (J'ai vu le loup, le renard, et la belette);
-Fiddlesticks with cross-tuned (BGDG). Fiddlesticks give rhythm, hit big and little strings (J'ai été au bal hier au soir (similar to The Rabbit Stole The Pumpkin, Joe Falcon's Ne Buvez Plus Jamais)/Lost Indian (from Appalachian fiddler);
-Kids that speak French;
-Fiddle harder to play than accordion because there are no frets. Accordion (diatonic), you only get a certain note by pushing or pulling. Sour notes (no sour notes on accordion?);
-Playing festivals all over the world;
-Fiddle has every note there is;
-No instrument is easy, Dewey is partial to the fiddle;
-Why Dewey played music. Dewey never thought of music as a means of earning a living, but satisfying you. Playing music, he can be happy or cry while he's playing, but he enjoys it;
-Dewey professional or amateur?;
-Learning music is just like education, you have to study/practice to get good at it;
-All of Dewey's family played music by ear. No radio, television, very few phonographs (first record was in 1928 with Joe Falcon and Cleoma Breaux's Allons à Lafayette);
-Violins harder to play because they have to read, Dewey can't read music;
-Cajun music means a lot to the Cajuns;
-Dewey played at the Cotton Festival;
-1890-arrival of the German accordion. No amplification, very loud instrument. Hard to hear the fiddle. Accordion is 4 times as loud as a fiddle, with 4 sets of reeds;
-Playing for gatherings, accordion could be heard and became very popular;
-Second fiddle. Accordion could play melody and bass;
-Asthma Waltz;
-Eunice Two-step/Jolie Catin (without, then with bass);
-Late 1920s-1930s, Acadians adopted the rhythm guitar which has frets. G chords, everyone plays a G chord, makes it a band;
-People didn't know how to tune a fiddle to an accordion. Bands started when they figured out how to do it;
-Jolie Blonde (La Fille de la Veuve/Ma Blonde est Partie/La Valse de Gueydan/La Valse de Jolly Rogers/La Valse de Couillon);
-Nice to get a bunch of people together and play music. Never too young, never too old to enjoy music;
-Triple-row accordion, mainly used by the Black population. You can play anything on this accordion;
-Can play rock, blues, jazz, French, any music on the triple-row accordion. Make it sound like a violon, guitar, piano, saxophone;
-Bass side. Mix up Zydeco and Cajun;
-Breather to let the air out-Asthma Waltz. Using different buttons to get which ever notes he wants. He used to running all over, up and down (passe-partout);
-Joséphine, c'est pas ma femme (without, then with bass and full bass);
-Zydeco version of Jolie Blonde (Cajun-single, Zydeco-triple/double). Black people add a bluesy, jazzy feeling;
-Untitled Zydeco Blues number (same as on AN1-196). Playing the blues until 4 am. When he's lonesome and when his girlfriend puts him out. No one can play the blues like a Black. The Devil the first one to play the blues;
-Playing a song before it escapes hims, even if it's at 4 am;
-His son is 11 years old and he plays just as good as him. He can't read, he can only sign his name, no education, had to help his father working;
-Learning accordion upside-down on his father's accordion while he was working in the fields. He's been all over the world;
-If a musician/someone think he knows everything, he's lost everything. You never know too much in music, never think that you're too good. Never will learn all, he's still learning. Allie has been playing for 60 years and he's still learning;
-Accordion weighs about 10-12 lbs for diatonic, 40 lbs for triple-row;
-Remember music, or what 'yes' or 'no' means, you just memorize it;
-Mamou Mardi Gras;
-Country, Bluegrass, can play any style of music that they know how;
-Dewey loves to play fiddle, but he does sometimes get tired of it;
-Not a group, working with different people each program. Like to play together;
-Hard to play accordion;
-Being on television all over the world. 10 albums of Dewey and his late brothers;
-Dewey's been playing for 50 years, Tony since he's knee-high, Allie for 60 years, Dopsie for 27 years-he got married when he first started playing music. Watching Rockin' Dopsie on channel 15 Saturday from 4-5 pm. Allie will be on tv on March 21st from 4-5 pm;
Musical performance by Franco Payet, Gervais Picot, Jospeh Huet, M. Picot;
Franco Payet, Gervais Picot, Jospeh Huet, M. Picot:
Musique Rodrique/Réunion:
Musicians:
-Franco Payet (age 30 Caucasian)--the Caisse a fil--stringed instrument;
-Gervais Picot (age 25 Caucasian)--Four string banjo;
-M. Picot (age 59)--Accordion;
-Joseph Huet--(age 24)--Violin;
-Sega--'La rose tombée' played on the Caisse a fil;
-Tout ça qui me regrette, c'est mon marmaille la Réunion;
-Valse--Vous avez de grands yeux noirs;
-Polka--des 400;
-Sega--Petit morceau grinqembre;
-Quand un déchire la anise volaille;
-Sega--Mange un bouchée, mon cuiller la tombée;
-Scottishe de St. Pierre;
Barry Ancelet and Jane Vidrine
***Unknown date and place of recording*** (Probably around Lafayette in the mid-1980s?)
Barry Ancelet and Jane Vidrine:
-Stage manager knowing the performer very well--ideal (ex: Liberty Theatre in Eunice, Louisiana);
-Not interjecting one-self into the performance;
-Eliminating problems between audience and performers;
-No interaction or helping introduce songs or getting information out of the performer;
-Regular crew of presenters--developed talent, some good and some not;
-Jane used to training for the national park service. Some got it quick and others weren't good at picking it up;
-National park service and Eunice might want to develop a regular local crew;
-Training and management. Repetition. Eunice every Saturday afternoon (John Delafose or Bois-sec Ardoin). Rotation, easy way to handle contracts and retaining a revolving thing;
-Change every 4 months. People get used to performers and learn what needs to be done;
-Presenter needs to know the performers well, not threatened by a personal question;
-How is it going to work from the performers point of view. Regular programming, visitable on a regular basis, frequently recurring for tourists;
-Bois-sec, Dewey, Wayne Toups--be sure there will be someone for tourists to see;
-Beale Street Theater. Pictures of major performers, maps, reminiscing going to the theater (where they sat, who they went with, what they saw);
-Abe's Palace and the drug store;
-Mini-version of instruments exhibit with more contextual photographs with making and players;
-Major dancehalls (Abe's Palace, Bélizaire's, 'Tit Maurice);
-Not a hall of fame. Revolving?;
-Visitors can view films on Cajun music. Multimedia slide show 10-15 minutes long. What's been happening in the theater;
-Paying performers at the end of the performance. People walking out after getting paid in advance, or not even showing up. Travel money for people coming from far, mileage;
-Equitably, scale to develop what performers get paid. Developed within the park service;
-Jane used to pay craftspeople $50 a day from 10 am to 3 pm with a couple of breaks and a scheduled program. 1 program announced for that day, formal presentation like an interview;
-Some people would come back and develop what they wanted to say. Aware traditional performer like Dewey Balfa. $75 a day for performers. Group of +3 got $200 a day. Depends on the budget;
-Flexible democratic system for the festival (Festivals Acadiens et Créoles). Paying the band leader ($75 a man), then band leader pays the band. Band leader distributes the money how he wants it. Barry is not in the middle;
-Paying band leader with a name gets 2 shares (manager plus musician), band of 5 gets 6 shares. Up to 3 shares--Gervis Stanford's reunion of Chuck Guillory and the Rhythm Boys);
-Zachary Richard and Rockin' Dopsie have their own price--professional musician. Dopsie gets $1,300 a performance. Barry negotiates with him. Reserved for bands with an obvious need to do that;
-Joe Wilson--this is what we have to pay you or forget it. How much it's worth to your festival to have a named band like Zachary Richard or Wayne Toups;
-Zachary Richard priced himself out of availability 2 years ago. Happened to Clifton too. Only so much money. Can't buy bread with 50 cents. Worth to come for less money;
-Festivals Acadiens et Créoles was worth it to Zachary, even if he had to give all the money to his band;
-National park service, federal government has money. Just like the Grand Ole Opry, playing it for free;
-Start with a strict scale, and 3 shares only in exceptional cases. 2 shares to a band leader, 1 share a piece if more democratic;
-Quality less an attraction than outlet potential. Playing for visitors from whom they might get more gigs;
-National park service and the city of Eunice/Lafayette/Thibodaux as equal partners;
-High level of standards at national parks;
-Cooperative agreements. Put yourself at the mercy of the cooperator. Blending standards;
-Folk-type events put on by the national park service. Grassroots effort can be molded. Not just once a year, for a long time;
-Review committee? made up of all parties involved. "Think tank";
Content vs. Form:
-Leroy Martin--people don't understand the concept of a workshop. Learned skill;
-City of Eunice owns the Liberty Theater. High school play or Vaudeville/minstrel show. Remaining 'Acadian Culture National Park.' Working special shows through special work permits;
-Park service should have a pretty heavy reign for the first few years;
-Cooking demonstration (at the world's fair). 20-minute version of what actually happens. Not fun to sit and watch a gumbo boil for 1.5 hours. 3 demonstrations a day. Not huge portions. -Presenter. Allowing what normally happens in the kitchen. Whole meal, not just 1 dish;
-Storytelling/music jam in relation to cooking demonstration. Talking over the meal. Cooking is expressive culture. Expect guests to critique the color of the roux. Clapping at a performance, laughing at a joke. Cooking is a performance (dancing around the stove making a roux). Visual and audible that gets tasted. Dramatic, play up natural drama without getting Justin Wilson;
-Commentating on cooking, like at horse races. Barry did that when his mother (Maude Ancelet) went to Washington;
-Louisiana vs. Washington. People in Louisiana comment about how they do things differently;
-Easiest way to pick a fight in South Louisiana is to talk about religion, politics, or recipes. Everyone has a strong feeling about how things are cooked. Mama vs. mama defended by kids;
-Natural meal. Barry's father (Elmo Ancelet) came to Washington too with his barbecue pit and crawfish boiling pot. Talking about what he was doing while he was doing that. Little stick to keep the air going in, sitting in his lawn chair and visiting with family and friends. Wandering into their backyard, familiar to them;
-Presenting as much to outsiders as insiders;
-Daddy makes barbecue and mama made potato salad, wandering into a Cajun family. Family members help out in the demonstration;
-Gumbo/jambalaya will be ready in 1.5 hrs. Sit around and visit or go and check out other crafts. 1-2 couples to stick around and extra 20-40 minutes;
-Package it as a veiller or a visit to someone's kitchen. Make them understand better;
-Mrs. Louella, souper chez les Ménards, walking in with a notion of how to act. Presenter must extract himself from the kitchen and act as a mediator, a catalyst;
-Hiring Ulysse, Ray, and woman who helped Maude in Washington? to come down and train someone from Eunice;
-On-going training program to develop a corps of people who know how to do it well, same for music presenters. Barry, Jane, Ann is good at interviews;
-Music workshops, not an opportunity for people to toot their own horn. A personal visit. First, best, or any superlatives, presenter should move off of that;
Maida:
-Storytelling is a real problem, under-presented of traditional arts. Bilingual problem. All kinds of stories. C.J. Guilbeau got his backpack shot off by Germans in WWII, Barry's heard it 35 times.
-May change, but it has become a story;
-D.L. Menard recording 'The Back Door'. Lies, jokes;
-Nomenclature. Storytelling--fairy tales that are recognizable. Not necessarily for 3-5 year old. Felix Richard telling dirty jokes in Washington for one session and he ran loose. There was no kid in the audience, recorded by the Smithsonian;
-Advertising correctly. Children or adult stories. 'Memory' instead of 'oral history/storytelling';
-Park service interested in presenting and preserving cultural resources: Cajun storytelling in English AND French. Musicians wouldn't sing in English. Should be just as unthinkable;
-Storyteller like Alex Girouard. French and English sessions (separate) in order to not undermine the tradition in its truest form. Not just translating jokes. Storytellers figure out what works, immediate reaction from the audience (laughter, crying, shocking). Appreciating things for what they are;
-Visitor from Minnesota might be just as enriched to go to the one in French--tourism, reminding them their not home;
-Signs down Jefferson Street all in French so that visitors don't understand. People get impatient and wander off;
-Short storytelling sessions of 15-20 minutes with the ability to spill over if they'd like to;
-Exhibits, slide presentation--1 hour visit;
-Always be no less than 2 storytellers on a stage. Competition. Ideally 3-4, never more than 5. Mistake is presenting only 1 person, not a solo performance in its natural setting. People tell stories back;
-Eliminate audience intervention. Guys talking in a General Store with the outsider off to the side. Never in a straight line;
-Barry's pig roast. Musicians facing each other (jam/play for each other/experiment/comments) vs. in a line (performance). People sitting around them. In the middle of the potential audience with chairs on all four sides (circle). Visitors see what they are doing what they are doing already (zoo/sacred circle in Indian terms);
-Natural commentary, discussion (i.e.: where they first heard it, what key they normally play it in--no need for a presenter);
-4 podiums in Girard Park (Festivals Acadiens et Créoles) facing each other in a circle. Crazy idea, turning backs. Circular informance for themselves, haze around the backs of these musicians. -Best music found behind the scenes where performers are not performing;
Formal informality:
-Presenter needs to be sensitive, intermediary between inner and outer circle. Musicians talk to each other amongst themselves, especially musicians who don't normally play together like Dewey Balfa, Lionel Leleux, Don Montoucet, and David Doucet. Creating its own dynamic and wandering all over the place. People shut up and listen. Something very special, only between musicians;
-Normally what they do in workshops;
-Don Montoucet and the Wandering Aces, David and Michael Doucet, and Dewey Balfa--each would have a 15 minute set for the afternoon. Playing early evening. Warmed up and ready to go. Exchange;
-Lionel has claimed he doesn't play second fiddle, Dewey claimed he doesn't play harmony. Dewey discovered that he could to that. Calling Lionel at a festival;
-French storytelling preservation. Storytellers laughing causes audience laughing even if they don't understand. Their own interaction on stage like in Mamou and his father's barber shop. Close in the circle;
-Put everyone sitting on stools or around an ice chest. Need some kind of prop. Fish fry for Pascal's storytellers--waiting for something to happen. Stories kill time;
-Barbecue, crawfish boil, fish fry, someone shoeing horses. Integrating storytellers into something else. Don Montoucet making triangles. You wouldn't be able to stop the stories. Setting it up to be in French (the only ground rule). Presenter can bring them back if they stray too much, or priming the pump. Stop a dirty joke session by having a lady presenter like Jane or Kathy;
-Age and sex make a big difference depending on the content of the presentation;
-Make the storytellers part of the plan. Demonstrating to the public the ability of Cajuns to tell stories in French, avoiding as much in English as possible;
-Musicians who normally do everything in English done in French at festivals;
-Planning session with performers. Someone from the outside saying "this is what we want to do" vs. "this is what we want YOU to do";
-Costumes--no traditional costumes;
-Leroy Martin at the Vin Bruce thing, he knew exactly what Barry had hoped would happen. Showing the audience the natural symbiotic relationship between Cajun and Country music. Leroy understood how to get a message across, like Dewey (not everyone can do that);
-Have points/goals for some performances with some direction (extremely delicate, don't let a yoyo load that gun). Sometimes, you want them to be themselves;
-Old time radio, les bals de maison with theatrics. Content determined by participants. Hector Duhon used to playing minstrel shows. So huge and undertaking. Ann Savoy took the whole burden. Mounting and remounting it, 3-4 a year. Seasonal focus on some point;
-National park side needs more than just things 3-4 times a year. Not only providing a community theater, also need something frequent;
-Scheduling and programming formats;
-Jane doing the programming at the arch in St. Louis. Programming of 6 days, staff of 2 people. Every week from Memorial Day to Labor Day. Smaller thing for school kids. Weekend program with musicians and crafts people. One from Tuesday-Friday, another one Thursday-Sunday (Special events Thursday-Friday);
-Filling certain blocks;
-Scheduling storytelling and cooking demonstration. A person who is in charge of doing something, have to have a staff (even if it's 1). Like Ray and someone in Eunice/Thibodaux;
-Person in Eunice calling for more people. Sitting down with a list of themes. Making sure they get paid. Content and mainly administrator. Ray will govern the content. Corps of presenters will be volunteer staff;
-Tiny ? up at the Smithsonian. Get her down here to do some serious volunteer development guidance?;
-Burn-out factor. Already happening like for the Mardi Gras run. Not a burden, but a growing experience/opportunity for people;
-Dealing with retired people, housewives, disabled people would all love to make some money. It won't fly longterm with some money. Run-away burn-out problem;
-Michael Doucet knows to do this on whichever date, scheduled. Someone named Russell Fuselier from Eunice, not having people travel far;
-Dewey can cover more about the musicians. Setting up performances, scheduling musicians depending on time, number of groups, payment, etc.;
-Dewey's experience. What information do people need before you go. How much tender, loving care is enough/too much. What's necessary, not enough;
-How many performances a day is comfortable. His current experience;
-Glenn Arlen--cowboy singer. Big white mansion with a big log with all these blues musicians lined up with double-bladed broad axes. Folklorist trying to teach them a work song to chop this log. Glenn could see what was going to happen. Newport 1964, axes didn't work. Putting them on a rope, holding/pulling the rope. Fred McDowell's wife, Annie, with her red dress and her handkerchief;
-Force blues musicians whether they had their roots or not;
Musical performance by Varise Connor and Lionel Leleux
Varise Connor, Lionel Leleux, Edgar Benoit:
-Mermentau Stomp. Parler de Bascom Mouton (Port Arthut Blues/Tu Vas Me Faire Mourir-Bobby Leger));
-Lake Arthur Stomp. Varise cross-tunes and play a reprise;
-Joe Turner Blues. Varise still had hair when he heard that song last. He couldn't play the last time he came over. Judging a fiddle contest in Ville Platte with Raymond ? and Wallace 'Cheese' Reed;
-Lake Arthur Stomp. Varise can't make his fiddle whistle anymore. Similar to a song Amédé would play;
-Varise wishes he could play like he used to;
-Lake Arthur Stomp reprise;
-Chère Toutoute;
-Le Two-Step du Vieux Temps/Attrape Mon Chapeau;
-Talk about Les Flammes d'Enfer (similar to Tante Adèle) and J.B. Fuselier;
-J'ai été au bal hier au soir (similar to 'The Rabbit Stole The Pumpkin'). Reprise;
-The Rabbit Stole The Pumpkin--danse à Bascom Mouton;
-Son père jouait 'La Valse Des Cadiens'--la mère de tous les autres (similar to one of Dennis McGee's waltz--Guilbeau Pelican?);
-La Valse de Caroline--une danse à son père;
-Une valse à deux temps; Reprise: une vraie valse à deux temps;
-Une mazurka. Le monde danse à ça comme une polka;
-Un polka=a shoddy?;
-Grand Mamou suivi par Grand Basile--du monde qui joue la même musique pour les deux et ça joue juste un bout;
-Mon Cher Bébé Créole (La Valse de Samedi Soir);
-Une valse à Bascom Mouton. Recalling all of the parts. Reprise;
-Perrodin Two-Step;
-Part of an untitled waltz;
Varise Connor, Lionel Leleux, Edgar Benoit
Musical performance by Varise Connor and Lionel Leleux
Varise Connor, Lionel Leleux:
-La Valse de Grand Bois/La Valse Alleman/La Valse des Mèches/You Want Me Back;
-Anna Mae Waltz--J.B. Fuselier;
-Memphis Blues;
-Une autre valse à Bascom Mouton;
Varise Connor, Lionel Leleux
Folktales by Bud and Mary Fentroy and Mr. & Mrs. Edward Morin, Revon Reed;
Bud Fentroy, Parks, LA (English):
-Bouki and Lapin raising sweet potatoes/corn (crop division). Lapin always fooled Bouki (fox);
-Bouki and Lapin raising crops with bucket of butter for lunch. Christening babies 'Lick the Top' then 'Halfway Gone' and 'Lick the Bottom'. Playing Godfather/object of Battler (Brier Patch). -Lapin fooled Bouki to throw him in the bushes;
-Hearing these stories and others from his mother & grandmother (5:52);
-The Little Boy and the Old Lady ("Look down in the sack") CT 327c. Lil Boy who ran away from home (back in the times of cannibalism). 3 bigger brothers told him he couldn't follow them.
-Found shovel to give to the little brother, then found some marbles, then an old house to sleep in where an old lady lived. Tied heads of the bigger boys to know who they were. She had 3 daughters and put rags around their heads. Old lady came around 2 AM and chopped her own daughters heads off. Called their names Marion, Suzanne, and Ouzane in the morning and told them she had fresh meat. They never came/woke up. Boys had left and ran after them in her boots. The boys climbed the big tree with the lady after them. The older brothers fell in the sack.
-She climbed the tree going after the little boy and got stuck. The little boy jumped, let out his brothers and caught the lady in the sack and tied her up there;
-Jesse James stories from his dad (11:39);
-Jesse James and his brother Frank James were outlaws and took from the rich to give to the poor. He liked to fight. He wanted revenge for the people who killed his mother. Robbed banks and trains and the rich, but never the poor;
-Jesse was the mean one, Frank always tried to quiet him down. They were working in the field when mother was murdered;
-Informant heard this story when he was 5 years old;
-They were viewed as heroes by poor. Not talking about it too much;
-Not many people still tell stories to their children. So much television now (14:43);
-Thinks his children might be too old to enjoy these stories, some of his stories told to classes on Fridays. Taught for 24 years. Only 6 years he's a supervisor principal;
-Children would sometimes tell stories they heard from their parents & grandparents;
Mary Fentroy, Cade, LA (Creole):
-Bouki et Lapin faisant la récolte (patates douces et maïs) (same story as above);
-Lapin's always getting something and Bouki gets nothing. Hanging/drowning Lapin would be a sin?;
-Throwing Lapin in the briers. Lapin always won;
-Red Riding Hood & Goldilocks and Three Bears (23:41);
-Three brothers who ran away from home (same story as above) (can't remember the latter part);
-Little brother rescued big brothers from old lady who ate children;
-Little brother didn't sleep well, maybe he was worried. Old lady brought him some tea to soothe his stomach or having her build a fire to warm him. Woke up brothers while she was gone and left. Put logs under sheets to make as if the boys were still there;
-'Fresh meat';
-Boys would've died if their little brother wouldn't have been with them;
-Bedtime stories to children after they got their lessons (31:35);
-Mary was an only child. Learned these stories from her father;
-Telling stories at school on Fridays. Country schools;
-Little Red Riding Hood
-Grandmother made her red cape. Why she's called 'Little Red Riding Hood';
-Bouki et Lapin baptiser. Bouki priest. Butter for lunch (same story as above) (37:50);
-'Juste commené,' 'La Moitié,' et 'Licher le fond';
-La paix avec Lapin. Lapin mange tout. Hanging/throwing Lapin in the well would be a sin?;
-Throwing Lapin in the briers. Lapin always outsmarted Bouki;
-Rabbit and Cat roasting chestnuts. Cat chasing mice (46:00);
-L'éléphant, le serpent?, et le temps frais. Il a peur de gêler. Monter une montagne, ça fait plus froid en haut;
-Le serpent mordant l'éléphant. Ils ont marché et ont été voir Lapin. Mettre le serpent au côté de la plage et le laisser là;
***Copy of AN1-089-B and AN1*112***
Edward Morin (82 (origianally cataloged as 67)), Revon Reed, Mrs. Morin:
Edward Morin:
-Laurent et Télismar à la pêche avec Délai le chien dans la Rivière Mermentau (conte fort: motif X1215.8 (ba) ('man tosses a dollar into river the dog dives and comes up with 16 pound carp and 35 cents in change') avec introduction formulaire;
-Vieux Narcisse Mayeux;
-Le cheval aux sabots creux (Bol) (conte fort: X1241.1);
-La mule qui avait du gaz (Shine) (conte fort);
-La cheminée (conte fort: X1767.2*(a)) (3:08);
-La truie avare tournée à l'envers (conte fort: X1611.1.5.1 *(a));
-On a tué le cheval à Pépère (farce: X584.2*);
-Contes étaient dit quand le monde se veillait. Tout ce monde est mort (75 years ago);
-Le maïs en turpentine (conte fort) (6:02);
Revon Reed:
-Le melon aux graines de benné;
-Tous ces conteurs étaient des menteurs;
-Ils y avaient pas de TV, radio, gazette. Ils visitaient;
Edward Morin:
-Jean-Pierre à la chasse (conte fort: 1890) (8:35);
-La hache à Auguste (conte fort: X1622.3.3.2*(a));
-Nonc Tarre et la journée chaude/froide (11:21);
Mrs. Morin:
-Le tourbillon (conte fort: X1611.1.16*; X1611.1.8 *(g)); X1318*);
Edward Morin:
-Notre mariage (anecdote);
-Prêtre Père Lavasseur. Honeymoons;
-Sa vieille tante et le chien (15:56);
-Les trois Irlandais (farce) (17:08);
-Des jardins plantés;
***Only estimate of month and year was included in original notes, no specific day***
***Copy of AN1-90***
Musical performance by the Ardoin Family
*****Make sure link in the correct one as well as the right digitization date!*****
Ardoin Family at the Tenny Shoe Festival:
Alphonse "Bois-Sec" Ardoin (Accordion), Canray Fontenot (Fiddle):
-Eunice Two-Step (Jolie Catin/Chère Ici et Chère Là-bas/Cypress Inn Special/Eh, Ma Jolie Fille);
-Morris? Ardoin explains that was a Two Step. Only using an accordion, fiddle, and triangle in the 1930s. Showing how to dance a waltz;
-La Valse des Opelousas (La valse qui me fait du mal/La Valse de Duson/La Valse de St. Landry/La Valse de Stelly/La Valse de Bayou Chêne/Big Boy Waltz);
-Les Barres de la Prison (une baisse-bas, pas une valse);
-Jongle à moi;
-Bonsoir Moreau;
Ardoin Family Band:
-Fond de Culotte Two-Step? (similar to Evangeline/Saturday Night Special);
-La Valse de 99 Ans/Convict Waltz (Mermentau Waltz);
-Morris has trouble hearing the fiddle on stage;
-Petite ou la Grosse;
-Hey Mom, J'suis Toujours Ton 'Tit Garçon (23:25);
-Old-Fashioned Two-Step;
-Bois-Sec is feeling sick. He ate something that didn't agree with his stomach;
-Fais Pas Tout Ça (recorded by Bois-Sec and Canray);
-Hee Haw Breakdown (Mardi Gras Jig);
-"Qui C'est Qu'est Là"/Une Mouche Dans Mon Couche-Couche (Tous les Deux Pour la Même/Faire l'Amour Dans les Rangs de Coton/Les maringouins ont tout mangé ma belle);
-Jambalaya/Grand Texas (Alons Kooche Kooche) (45:32);
-Draggin' the Bow;
Ardoin Brothers and Sisters:
-Announcement: FM Guidry, please get to the car;
-Les Flammes d'Enfer;
-Je peux pas t'oublier (D.L. Menard) (They may call it something else);
-J'ai été au bal hier au soir (01:03:55);
-La Table Ronde (Canray singing);
-Barry announces festival t-shirts for sale on the side of the stage. Someone lost a silver earring;
-What Makes the Cajun(s) Dance (Au Bal Chez 'Tit Maurice);
-Kaplan Waltz (La Valse de la Pointe Noire/Chère Petite);
-Clifton Chenier and the Red Hot Louisiana Band after them. "The man is made of gold" (he lost a leg, had it amputated);
-Quoi Faire (Teche Special/Two-Step de la Prairie Soileau) (01:17:10);
-Barry tells Clifton to go see him backstage;
-Morris? introduces Clifton. He's still walking;
-Allons à Lafayette/Lafayette Two-Step (Jeunes Gens de la Campagne/Don't Get Married);
-Choupique Two-Step;
-Joe Pitre a Deux Femmes--Canray Fontenot. Bois-Sec is still too sick to perform);
Festival de Musique Acadienne
Festival de Musique Acadienne:
Sunday, September 21, 1980
2:00-3:30 PM
Tim Broussard & the Cajun Ramblers:
-Creole Stomp;
-Chère Tout-Toute;
-Reno Waltz (Welcome Club Waltz--Lionel Cormier);
-Les Flammes d'Enfer (Tante Adèle--Austin Pitre);
-Steel guitar player broke a string, fixing it. Needing more accordion in the monitor;
-Fi Fi Poncho;
-Homesick Waltz (Adam Hebert);
-Hathaway Two-Step (The Cajun Freeze);
-Chère Chérie (25:23);
-J'ai été au bal hier au soir (pour le monde de Kinder);
-C'est ça qui me fait du mal (Camey Doucet);
-Comme un Cadien (Jim Olivier);
-Le Rêve du Soulard (Cleveland Crochet & Shorty LeBlanc);
-Checking the drums. Lost "Vidoz?" girls by the bingo table;
-Wedding Bells (Belton Richard);
-Medley (52:08). Sugar Bee (Cleveland Crochet & Shorty LeBlanc). World in a Jug/Bosco Blues. Lucille. Pine Grove Blues/Ma Nègresse. Sugar Bee;
-Thanking Festival for letting them come play;
3:30 PM Workshop Stage:
-Dennis McGee, Sady Courville, and Preston Manuel;
-Piece of an untitled reel (Marcantel Reel???);
-Chère Tout-Toute (Dennis calls it something else);
-Mon Cher Bébé Créole (La Valse de Samedi Soir/C'est Pas la Peine Tu Brailles/La Valse de Platin);
-Dennis and Sady discussing what song they'll play next;
-Dennis says they don't play "La Porte d'en Arrière/The Back Door");
-La Reel des Deshotels (01:10:53);
-J'ai Passé Devant Ta Porte (Mon Coeur T'appelle);
-Dennis calling for Barry;
-La Valse des Balfa;
-Adieu Rosa, demain c'est pas Dimanche;
-La Valse de Bamboche(ur) (Evangeline Waltz);
-"Quand j'étais petit, je braillait pour des patates?" (Untitled Reel/Two-Step);
-La Valse à Kathleen/La Valse de L'Anse Maigre;
Chez Nous Autres
-Mardi Gras Jig -Savoy, Balfa, Menard;
-Musiciens qui vont jouer à l'Hommage à la Musique Acadienne le 23-25 Mai, présenté par CODOFIL;
-Marc Savoy, Dewey Balfa, et D.L. Menard vont finir le jour Samedi, 24 de Mai;
-Festival dédié à Iry LeJeune cette année. Ramener une fierté d'être Cadien, parler le français Cadien, etc.;
-La Valse du Pont d'Amour (1948) - Iry LeJeune;
-15 ans sans accordéon pendant le Deuxième Guerre Mondiale. Pas Western Swing;
-Nathan Abshire, Lawrence Walker, Austin Pitre ont repris leur accordéons avec un peu d'influence de Western Swing, en français et traditionnel;
-1928 et 1932 on RCA Bluebird, first Cajun recordings. Dennis McGee and his brother-in-law, Sady Courville (7:43);
-Happy One-Step - Dennis McGee and Sady Courville;
-Dennis McGee avec le Mamou Cajun Band le matin du 25 (dimanche). Dennis a 84, il est pas vieux, mais là pour longtemps. Sady Courville, Roy Fuselier, Preston Manuel, la groupe qui jou tous le samedis soir chez Fred's Lounge à Mamou;
-Aldus Roger. La fin des 1950s et le début des 1960s, tous le fins de semaines/samedis dessus Channel 10 et 3-5 fois par semaine dans les salles de danses. Sa groupe a un son bien pratiqué;
-"Une danse qui faisait brailler les vieiles femmes," Madame Sosthène - Aldus Roger (13:23);
-Aldus Roger samedi matin. Aldus avait arrêté de jouer la musique avant 3-4 ans passé et il voulait laisser les jeunes jouer, mais l'envie de jouer était plus fort;
-Il a joué 3 ans passé au Festival, le 24 de Mai;
-Belton Richard va jouer le vendredi soir. L'année passée, le vendredi soir était si bien reçu qu'ils ont décidé d'en faire une autre cette année;
-Zachary Richard, Les Sam Brothers (Zydeco), et Belton Richard (né à Rayne et reste à Carencro). Belton bien influencé par Aldus. Belton avait le premier band d'avoir 7 membres dans un band, modernisé la musique dans les salles de danse;
-Snippet of the Perrodin Two-Step;
-Un Autre Soir Ennuyant - Belton Richard (18:21);
-Belton sera là le 23 de Mai (vendredi soir de 7-10 heures). Nouvelle partie du festival;
-Jambalaya était supposé de jouer le vendredi soir. La jeunesse. Les écoles, CODOFIL, etc. Encourager les jeunes de jouer avec les vieux pour préserver la culture unique qu'est ici. Ça devient de Cécilia et Pont Breaux. L'espoir pour la musique Cadienne dans l'avenir;
-Juste une partie des musicens Cadien et Créoles. 3 heures vendredi, et 11 AM - 6/7 PM samedi et dimanche;
-Waterfront Special - Jambalaya Cajun Band (23:09);
-Lafayette, Girard Park près de USL. 7ème Festival de la Musique Cadienne;
Paroles et Musique
Paroles et musique II (Presentation Littéraire à la Maison Française de USL):
-"Situez Situation" - Poème de Debbie Clifton (Louisiane);
-"Histoire sans Paroles" et "Musique de Fleurs de Lys" (Québec);
-Debbie Clifton lit une de ses poèmes. Quand elle entend la musqiue Cadienne, elle a de la misère à cause qu'elle entend ses ancêtres criant pour la jusstice;
-"Situez Situation";
-Un peu d'un satire;
-"Cocodril prend un goût de poésie"? en Créole;
-"Histoire sans Paroles" sera lit et remericer Barry et tout le monde qui est venu écouter. Musique sans paroles (8:01);
-Pause in the music and laughter (14:42);
-Music reprise;
-Fin de la musique (16:26);
-Band intro. Maurice - flûte?, ? - bass guitar, ?, et Bob Schever?;
-Forum pour les louisianais. Ne pas garder des affaires dans les tiroirs. Si on rit et applaudit dans les bonnes places, on a un p'tit message à donner qu'est pas trop mal;
-Remercier Chris Chirinton?, Philipe Gustin, Bob Schever? et tous le Québécois;
-About 10 people from Alexandria need a place to stay;
Paroles et Musique
Paroles et Musique II (Presenation Littéraire à la Maison Française de USL):
-Mic check;
-Barry making the introduction/welcome;
-La naissance du littérature en français en Louisiane. Littérature des autres pays francophones;
-Philipe Gustin speaking for CODOFIL. Welcoming 11 Tunisians;
-Renaissance de créer en français, battre pour le français en Louisiane;
-Philipe était interdit de lire Raymond Queneau par son père. Comme faire un bon jambalaya, il faut svaoir comment bien cuire du riz;
-Mots--Poème de Raymond Queneau (Belgique) (6:31);
-Monsieur Quichotte de Maringouin--Poème lit par Matthew Champagne (Louisiane);
-Vents--Poème de St. John Perse - lit par Dominique Rozier (France) et accompagné par Mary Mahone dessus flûte (13:52);
-Le Pont de Nantes--Chanson de Guy Beart chantée par Frank Buynbroek (Belgique);
-Musique par Mary Mahone (Louisiane) (22:25);
-Chorale qui chante "Qu'il est difficile"? with reprise;
-Poème intitulé par un Québécois???;
-La Pluie--Musique de Vivaldi (Mary Mahone?) (30:56);
-Des Faux Jetons--Texte d'Emile des Marais lit par David Marcantel (Louisiane aka Acadie Tropicale);
Paroles et Musique
Paroles et Musique II (Presentation Littéraire à la Maison Française a USL):
-Cher Bon Dieu--Poème de Beaucarne lit par Aline Porerie (France);
-Elle--chanson de Chelon interpretée par Frank Bruynbroek (Belgique) et Mary Mahone (Louisiane);
-Monsieur interroge monsieur--Poème de Tardieu lit Marie-Joelle Levignat, Donimique Martin et Catherine Le Cour (France) (5:21);
-Medley Acadienne--Musique de Beausoleil (Louisiane) (9:22);
-Reel Canadienne intitulé/Reel de Coquin/The Rabbit Stole the Pumpkin/Acadian Two-Step;
-Two-Step de Frère Mathieu (Port Arthur Blues/Tu vas me faire mourir)--Beausoleil (13:59);
-Travailler, C'est Trop Dur (Rye Whiskey);
-Les Bars de la Prison by Canray Fontenot from Welsh, LA (20:28);
-Madeleine;
-La Valse du Pont d'Amour (27:33);
-Triangle Solo;
-J'ai vu le loup, le renard, et la belette;
Folktales
Tape 1 of original tales of recording of Jan. 1974:
Victor Aubry--Broussard, LA:
-Bouki et Lapin. Saddling Lapin's riding horse. Told to Arthur R. Williams by Victor Aubry, a black farmer of rural Broussard, LA who is 63 years old and heard story from his father;
Anna Belle Hoffman Krewitz--Breaux Bridge, LA:
-Némostin? Billeaud. La mode des bidons (little black hat). Némostin est mort. Fouiller la fosse. Ils ont jamais pu faire sonner les cloches pour son enterrement;
-"La Douce Tristesse de la Séparation" sung to the tune of Home, Sweet Home. Shakespeare's idea of farewell from Romeo and Juliet?;
-"La Délaissée" - chanson d'amour. Pangs of unrequited love after an amorous adventure;
-Saute Crapaud;
-Chanson intitulé;
-Poetically active in the renouvellement of French in Louisiana;
Richard Guidry--Gueydan, LA:
-Une femme qui lavait la tripe de cochon au bord du bayou. Chien étrange--"Tu veux passer!" Couper le nez du chien. Chien devenir homme, ôter son gris-gris.
-Il avait bu le sang du poule noir à une croix de chemin à minuit pour devenir n'importe quoi qu'il voulait. Changer sa forme;
Nita Benoit--Lafayette, LA:
-Grosse serpent dans la vieille maison qui tétait la maman et a donné sa queue au 'tit bébé. Le bébé perdait du poids tous les jours. Tirer le serpent et le lait voler partout (12:36);
Odette Coussan--Carencro, LA:
-Bicoin dans mes choux;
Tante Hélène Lacy Dugas--Carencro, LA:
-Un petit bonhomme pas plus gros qu'un rat (Pas manger mes pommes quand je suis pas là);
-Chanson intitulé;
-Mme. Préjean--Bonsoir, C'est Aujourd'hui Ta Fête;
-Histoire de sa tante. La serpent donnait la queue au bébé et tétait la maman. Veiller toute la nuit et tuer le serpent. Mme. Philippe Domingue;
-Mme. George Billeaud? lives on St. Landry Street. No screen on the windows;
-Maman avait un matelas en paille de maïs, Sa mère a touché une corde, c'était une serpent. Manquer de la tuer;
-Les serpents attiré au lait. Elles étaient seulement en bas des lits des femmes, pas des hommes;
-Les serpents sécher les vaches;
-Rond, rond, rond. Le 'tit gourmand;
Mrs. Walter (Evelia) Boudreaux--Carencro LA:
-Bouki et Lapin et le jardin. (23:08);
-Lapin mangeait des chous tous les soirs et le fermier voulait le tuer ou le piègeait. Lapin passer des tappes et des coups de pieds et tout pour battre, mais il était pris. L'homme est venu le lendemain matin, il l'aurait tué ou l'envoyé dans les éronces. Lapin a embêté l'homme, Lapin dans son pays;
-L'étymologie de Carencro: Deux hommes à la chasse. Nommer la place après le premier oiseau qu'ils auraient trouvé. La bétaille du bayou crevé;
-Les enfants jouer au près du puit carré. Jaune dans le puit, c'était une meule de fromage. La pleine lune était réflectait dans l'eau. Deux baquets, descendre dans le puit pour chercher le fromage. Le 'tit garçon tombé dans le puit et ils ont jamais trouvé la meule de fromage;
-Argent enterré dans le temps des guerres, il y avait pas de banques. Oublier où c'était, et d'autre monde venir trouver le caveau. Chercher les bons outils et fouiller le caveau de brique. Un ouragon, des boeufs qui soufflaient du feu. Faire peur aux hommes, ils ont jamais trouvé l'argent. C'était pas pour eux, mais leur hérités. Ne pas parler tant qu'ils fouillait pour l'argent non plus;
-11 bandes? de 'tits ouaouarons;
-Assez gros pour sauter, manger, et jouer. Maman va à la chasse et averti les petits d'aller pas trop loin et de se bien comporter. Ils ont été jouer trop loin. Le gros boeuf. Le 'tit ouaouaron s'est gonflé pour montrer sa maman comment gros la bétaille était, mais il n'a pas pu avant de se gonfler de trop et de se casser ouvert;
-L'homme avec le nouveau cheval et boghei tout peinturé vert. Confronter celui qu'il l'a fait. Gros bougre se confesse à le faire. L'homme avait peur et a dit qu'il voulait juste dire que la première couche était sec et c'était paré pour une deuxième;
Wilson "Ben Guiné" Mitchell--Parks, LA:
-Bouki travaillait dur, Lapin a parti. Lapin pars et reviens, baptisant des enfants (4 fois). Les noms: Commencé, Half-and-half. Trois-quarts. Licher le fond. Lapin a mangé tout dans le baril de beurre, Bouki avait rien à manger. Bouki aurait ouvert Lapin. Fourrer Lapin dans les talles d'éronces. Là il était élevé;
-Lapin sort toujours avant;
-Grasshopper. (36:26)
-Froumi travaillait tout l'été. Grasshopper avait pas le temps à travailler, il jouait l'accordéon pour faire sa vie. Tout glacé pendant l'hiver. Froumi étiat dans sa maison, Grasshopper est venu cogner à la porte.
-Froumi a dit à Grasshopper à jouer l'accordéon pour faire sa vie. Grasshopper a gêlé dans les cannes de maïs;
-Bouki et Lapin avait un jardin. Quelque chose de malicieux. Coups de poings, rester collé à Lapin? Cette fois, Bouki a sorti en avant;
-Gros habitation. Travailler 50+ teams, comme l'esclavage. Travailler tous les dimanches. Couper ? en deux. Appeler le 'tit chien. Galoper. Le chien lui parlait en bas de l'arbre;
Marie Del Norte Theriot recounts a "Bouki et Lapin" story given to her by Albert A. Fuselier Jr. of St. Martinville, LA who collected it in 1947:
-Lapin est plus smart que Bouki, qu'est couillon. Bouki se roulerait dans la boue et Lapin le ferait croire c'est un matelas de plume. Chercher du beurre. Prendre Bayou Cocodril pour revenir.
-Lapin manger tout le beurre qu'ils rammenaient. Bouki n'est pas bête, ils savait c'était Lapin. Lapin guêllait et disait c'était Bouki qu'a mangé tout. Reposer en bas d'un arbre. Nique avec de la mousse. Bouki ronfler.
-Lapin a pris le beurre et l'a mis sur la figure à Bouki tant qu'il dormait. Lapin a accussé Bouki d'avoir mangé le beurre. Bouki a corru à la coulée et a regardé dans l'eau pour voir le beurre dessus sa figure.
-Il s'a cru d'avoir mangé le beurre sane le gouter. Il s'est noyé dans la coulée. Lapin sort tout le temps en avant, il est tout le temps plus smart;
Songs sung in Créole:
-Ah, Suzette, toi pas l'aimais moi;
-Suzanne, Suzanne, jolie femme;
-Fais Do Do 'Tit Nègre et Ton 'tit Bec est Doux;
-Danser Colinda Boo Doom, Boo Doom (Valse ou Mazurka);
-Mr. Bangeau/Banjo? (Jim Crow?);
-Bouki et Lapin (52:41);
-Bouki a voulu Lapin de venir fais do do, mais Lapin voulait pas. Bouki jeter Lapin dans les éronce ou dans le feu. Lapin voulait pas les éronce parce que ça aurait dériché son 'tit peau? Bouki l'a jeté dans les éronces, Lapin était dans son pays;
Mrs. Marius Babineaux and her granddaughter, Kathleen Domingue--Carencro, LA:
-Maman va à la grocerie est ordonne à Jean Sot de regarder l'oie et de soigner son petit frère. Mouche dessus le front de son frère, il a pris un marteau pour tuer la mouche, il a tué son 'tit frère. -Couvrir l'oie avec un sac? Jean Sot, viens ouvrir la porte.
-Pin Pi Poloron (jeu). Le boeuf;
-'Tite Sourris en Arrière de la Porte?;
-L'homme marchant de la Ville. Boule de feu, up and down. Courrir du feu, l'homme pouvait pas l'échapper. L'homme s'a mis à genou et a commencé à prier et le feu a parti. Un homme de Catahoula, il ne s'a jamais marié, jeune.
-Mort à 62 ans. Son idée était bon/il avait bonne connaisance quand il a dit cet histoire. Il croyait pour longtemps qu'il avait des maladies de coeur, il a été à l'hôpital de vétéran;
-Un autre homme de Catahoula qui chassait. Il a sorti des bois au ras du Bayou Catahoula et a trouvé une jarre. Prendre son mouchoir et le mettre dessus un arbre pour retourner. Il est revenu, la jarre était parti et il y a avait deux mouchoirs;
-Pas trouver de l'argent si ce n'est pas pour toi;
-Fouiller pour l'argent, un esprit est venu les demander ce qu'ils faisaient. Une a pris la parole et a répondu qu'ils cherchaient de l'argent. Donner une âme pour trouver l'argent. Un homme est mort;
-La jarre était ouvert quand ils sont revenus;
***Copy of AN1-215***
Folktales told by Martin Latiolais, Revon Reed and Irving "Tout Tout" Reed
Martin Latiolais, Revon Reed, Irving "Tout Tout" Reed:
Martin Latiolais:
-Bouki et Lapin et le bonhomme en coal tar. Bouki fouiller un puit. Lapin a installé le bonhomme en coal tar. Lapin est venu collé au bonhomme et Bouki l'a attrappé. Il a fair un feu pour brûler Lapin, le jeter dans les éronces là où il a été élevé;
-Récolter des patates. Lapin a choisi ça qui était en bas de la terre et Bouki a eu ça qui était en haut (juste les lianes). Récolter du maïs, Bouki a choisi l'opposé et Lapin a eu tout le maïs;
-Le gros baril de beurre (contes d'animaux). Lapin allait baptiser des enfants tant que Bouki travaillait. Commencé, Un Quart, La Moitié, Trois-Quarts, Fini pour la dernière fois. Lapin était malin;
-Les yeux rouges et la queue bleue (50th Wedding Anniversary joke). Aller à la même place qu'ils ont eu leur Honeymoon. Vieille est aussi belle qu'ils se sont premier mariés. Elle avait les yeux blues et la queue rouge, asteur, c'est l'opposé;
-Jokes from old guy he worked with. He died not long after he retired;
-Discussion on the meaning of Bouki. Bouki un chaoui, un ours?;
-Bouki à la chasse dans le bois et l'ours qui dormait. Lapin a dit à Bouki de tenir sa queue. Reveiller l'ours et Lapin criait, "Tiens bon, Bouki!" (farce);
-Perdre ta mémoire que tu deviens vieux. Il avait une mémoire quand il était jeune;
-Cendrillonne (The pot and the "bouillie", conte merveilleux). Une vieille femme avec deux orphelins (un garçon et une fille). Casser des branches pour manger. Chaudière avec deux bâtons pour cogner dessus. Faire de la bouillie. Ils ont oublié comment arrêter la chaudière et tout était détruit;
-Le rat ou la souris / the Rat or the mouse (farce). Chicanner de quoi c'était;
-Mike Mitchell of Parks heard that as kids from his grandfather;
-Willie Johnson, he had a good memory. Il disait qu'il allait tout le temps au bal (Il se mettait dans la farce). Il dansait avec une jolie fille. "Tu pourrais mentir" / "You Could Lie" (farce);
-Recorder can go 2 hours;
-La Conte pour David lui échappe au moment;
-Bougre de 75 ans qu'était malade. Il est mort et ses parents s'assisait à chaque bord du lit. "Je t'ai dit c'était un enfant on aurait pas sauvé." (16:06);
-Teller talks about his life. Déménader à Catahoula quand il avait 14 ans de Grand Anse (son 'tit enfant reste là). Les bois en 1912 quand il avait 11 ans. Rester en bas du lac au ras du cimetière;
-Pêcher, dredge boat pour faire une vie. Cypremort au ras de Henderson jusqu'à Sandy Cove?;
-Travailler au Texas 6 ans straight;
-He's disabled now and is on welfare;
-David's school teacher learned stories and jokes from Martin. David avait 3 ans quand son père est mort (15-16 ans passé). Sa mère avait 25 ans). Finir son école et rester chez Martin pour réparer leur maison. Mother went to trade school in New Iberia. David stayed 5 years. She's now working in Lafayette after graduating college. Martin raised David and learned his jokes/cochonneries;
-David is now dredgeboating;
-Dr. Gérard venait faisait un jardin. David planter des cocombres, prendre son portrait;
-Aller voir l'eau;
-Willie Johnson, a creole. Almost no "Américains" around here. Everyone spoke French, no one spoke English. Martin can speak okay English;
-Martin learned English through work. A young boss avec des grandes culottes;
-Cajuns and Creoles (Nègres) in the American context;
-Commencer un job, mettre les tuyaux pour pomper. Les ordonner en "Américain." Macwell talked them to like they were fools and Martin told him he didn't need to talk to them like that. Martin telling Mac something. Not stupid just because he can't speak English. He's smarter than Mac;
-A lot of Americans think Cajuns are stupid, but they aren't. He knows he's stupid;
-Borrell guy. Everyone was at the same level, getting the same wage. Big wig because he was capitain;
-Going in the service;
-May 1974;
Revon Reed:
-Jean Sot (quelques farces). C'était un passetemps, some from 14-15th century France. Juste le vieux monde parce que les jeunes parlent pas français. Des idots dans le passé, le présent et le futur. Jean Sot un idiot ou un fou malin/farce/distingué (le parangon) (30:44);
-Jean Sot and the giant. La vieille femme et l'enfant de 17 ans bien simple (Jean Sot). Barguiner la vache avec des fèves. Jack and the Beanstalk. Il devient riche avec une oie qui pond des oeufs en or;
-Jean Sot goes to sell butter. Il aimait TOUT. Quart de beurre pour aller vendre. Traverser un marais sec et graisser les crevasses avec le beurre. Foutté quand il est revenu;
-Jean Sot in charge of the homestead. Tirer les vaches et faire un gombo d'oie avec du sel et du persil (des chiens dans le gombo). 4 vaches morts et les chiens dans le gombo;
-Jean Sot's mother needs a needle. Emprunter un aigle. Il a perdu l'aiguille dans le wagon plein de paille. Attache-la à ta chemise. Charrue-double dans le clos, il a essayé de l'attacher à sa chemise;
-Road-stretcher with the police juror. Jean Sot disappeared and maybe went to college and became a professor, other say he fooled the King for his daughter, others think he's still alive;
-Un petit rien tout neuf. Couteau sans manche avec plus de lame;
-The old axe +200 ans;
-Travailler un habitation tant un homme est parti en vacanes. Téléphone Jean Sot. Fido est mort (Jean Sot in charge again, farce). Belle-mère a eu un attaque de coeur, la maison et le magasin avec les mulets ont brûlé et Fido a mangé cette viande qui l'a fait malade. Sa femme a elope avec un domestic et a occasionné la mort de sa mère;
-Pascal, contes et chansons au ras de Mamou. Olide, la vieille tante (40:41);
-Pascal and his incredible speed, you couldn't see him going to L'anse Grise;
-Left his dog at his aunt's, the people only saw the dog jump;
-Pascal rides his bike on telephone wires. Jumping gear to jump the poles;
-Recounting the craziest story/joke;
-Pascal catches the lightning energy to go the Moon. Olide had a little bit of money. He used an old sewing machine and used the collected lightening to get to the moon. He tried to get to the moon, but it had just set and he couldn't find it since he forgot a flash light;
-Man on the moon, moon made of cheese, etc.;
-Jean Sot aller voir son cousin à Japan;
-Pascal the incredible swimmer. 2-3 mois pour nager le Pacifique, 3,000-4,000 miles. Mayo (cousin) faisait des hamburgers et les tirer dans son slingshot de San Francisco (contes modernes, not traditional);
-Paul Bunyan;
-Cajuns like to brag, natural;
-Le chien qui marchait sur l'eau, il nageait pas (farce). Qui c'est qu'a le meilleur chien de chasse. $10,000 pour un chein mieux que celui à Pascal. Aller à la chasse de canard. Le chien ne connaissait pas comment nageait;
-La jarre de cornichons / The jar of Pickles (farce). Model-T Ford, drummers going from farm to farm. Commis voyageur. Vieux homme et sa nouvelle jeune femme. Le commis voyageur passant la nuit.
-Des cornichons de navets. Juste un lit pour partager. Reveiller de bon heure. Le vieux homme dans le milieu. Voleur de poule, l'homme a pris le fusil et a été à le magasin. La seule chance le commis voyageur aurait eu, il a mangé tous les cornichons qu'il a pu;
-Kid games:
-Pigeon vole. Un petit rond et chaque enfant mettait un doigt dans un rond. Crieur crie certains affaires qui volait ou pas, pigeon, poule, tourte. Et les autres levait leur doigts et le répétait. Quand il disait quelque chose qui ne volait pas comme une brique, celui qui levait son doigt et le répétait était "punis";
-Pin Pi Poloron (tous le doigts ensemble, O-U-T, you're like, or like hide-and-seek) et autres (jeux/games). Barry explaining Pin Pi Poloron;
-Red Dot;
-Barry explains Rond, Rond, Rond, 'Tit Marais (des canards, le gourdmand);
-Revon isn't sure if these games come from the old country;
-Cajuns and Creoles not mixing too much;
-Bois-Sec Ardoin. Ségrégation des noirs et blancs. Des noirs-jaunes avec du sang blanc. Pas de mariage entre eux;
Irving "Tout Tout" Reed:
-Va laver la vaisselle (farce) (59:18);
-Salesman broke down. Washing dishes. Working until it was dark, staying at the people's house. Old man did the dishes.
-Lazy and didn't want to do the dishes. Whoever speaks first washes the dishes. Vieille fille piquée a jamais dit un mot, elle ne voulait pas faire la vaisselle. Le vieux homme a été faire la vaisselle (old English Tale, "Get up and boil the dough");
Revon Reed:
-Fermer la porte, ça faisait frais et ils gêlaient (pendant l'hiver). Deux jeunes hommes qui se sont venus voir. Voulant faire l'amour à la vieille femme, son mari a crié aux hommes et la femme lui a dit d'aller fermer la porte (old English Tale);
Irving "Tout Tout" Reed:
-J'ai passé au long du bois (chanson);
-August 1974;
Martin Latiolais (white, 73), Revon Reed (white, 56) and Irving "Tout Tout" Reed (white, 53)
Revon Reed:
-Pascal et l'aéroplane. King des witches, Diablesse. Tuer Pascal. Elle l'avait saoulé et mis dans l'aéroplane. Pascal avait 6'4" et pésait 89 livres, fin comme une aiguille. North Pole. Goodbye Pascal.
-Flèche de sauvage, passer en dessous la glace. Female seal et la faire l'amour. 3 jours après, des petits Pascal ont sorti (des pingouins minces, tous des males. Ils ont pas pu breed et elle l'a divorcé. Elle pésait 900 livres);
-Le bicycle à Pascal. Pendant la guerre. Pascal a ôté les tires et courrait les files de téléphone dessus ses rims. Bicycle parlait "Américain." Il avait un "jumping pole" pour sauter les pôteaux. 110 miles à l'heure;
-Gas rations during the war. Paire d'éperons pour son bicycle to "hit the road";
-Jim et Mayo? ont été à la lune dessus un emballeuse de foin. Rauly (horse) et mort et Jim l'a converté avec un 'tit lawn mower motor. Tante guêttait et disait goodbye, aller dessus la lune.
-Rejoindre des bougres verts, ils parlaient français (14 langues). Les demander le chemin back à Mamou, ils ont été 20 fois. Un ou deux qui va à la messe, ils étaient tout Catholique. St. Jim;
-Un tas de gaz dessus la lune, ils rôtent un tas. Rôter dans le tank de gaz (1:15:42);
-Jim était mort, il aimait beaucoup du foin. Il a mangé 2 bâles d'Alfalfa et a bu 6 gallons d'eau;
-Emballeuse à Reddell. Gold-plated with 14 karat gold;
-La vieille bâle a crystalisé, plus dur que du diament. Toujours dans l'emballeuse;
-Jim est mort, mais il vit toujours. Mayo a retourné;
-Mayo a fait d'eau sur la lune, il y a pas d'eau sur la lune;
-Des pierres de la lune. Chercher les ours sur la lune;
-? plus dangereux qu'un hyrdogen bomb, un pétard peut pas faire à rien;
-1" stainless steel. Why you don't see the moon pass;
-Bande de macaques dessus la grande file. Gros pond;
-Pascal à la pêche de baleine. Got a bite, boat started to sink. Pacific Ocean drained to plant rice, soybeans, sweet potatoes, etc. because kids were hungry;
-Mouiller de la pluie 10" tous les 30 min., remplie la mer. Jim a passé une GROSSE aiguille/railroad spike, 19' de long de riz;
-La mer rempli avant 30 jours. Les poissons bâttaient;
-Salir la mer;
-12' d'épais;
-Glacer la mer, tout le bâteaux plantés;
-Faire l'amour et câler? Des 'tits males Pascal (see above);
-Saute Crapaud. St. Martinville, les portes verts, cheval et chaoui. Le gros diner de noce du docteur, plein de cochon;
-Snippet of "J'ai passé au long du bois";
***Part of tape Copy of AN1-101?***
Musical performance by Lionel Leleux et. al
Lionel Leleux, Don Montoucet, Marc Savoy, Elton Quibodeaux, Ken Kepler, Rickey Dugas, Barry Ancelet:
La Dernière Valse:
-Marc Savoy on accordion, Lionel on fiddle, unknown guitarist and spoons player (possibly Barry?):
-Mardi Gras Jig (Hee Haw Breakdown);
-Port Arthur Blues (Tu vas me faire mourir). Lionel plays it again by himself;
-Enterre-moi Pas (Triangle Club Special) (8:44);
-Je peux pas t'oublier by D.L. Menard;
-Lacassine Special (Dans les Misères). Lionel by himself;
-Lionel plays a snippet of Pauvre Hobo;
-Ossun Two-Step. Lionel keeps playing it after the song is over (17:43);
-Johnny Can't Dance and Perrodin Two-Step (snippets);
-La Valse de Bayou Chêne (La valse qui me fait du mal/La Valse de Duson/La Valse de Dimanche Après-midi/La Valse de St. Landry/La Valse de Stelly/La Valse des Opelousas/Big Boy Waltz);
-Lacassine Special with unknown vocalist (25:27);
Don Montoucet and Lionel Leleux:
-La Valse de Bayou Chêne (see above);
Folktales
Victor Aubry (63, Broussard, LA):
-Bouki et Lapin in Creole. Riding horse. Lapin was jealous of Bouki. Mounting the horse;
Arthur R. Williams (33, Lafayette, LA):
-Bouki et Lapin in Creole. Bouki digging a water well. Lapin drinking water from the rose bush?
-Lapin stole Bouki's water and Bouki noticed the following morning. Bouki caught Lapin, kicking/punching/head-butting/etc. Lapin and staying stuck.
-Bouki came back the next morning, cutting Lapin's throat or throwing Lapin in the brier patch. Lapin didn't want to be thrown into the briers, so Bouki did so. Lapin fooled Bouki;
Marie Del Norte Theriot Haynes (originally catalogues as "Harris"; 72, Rayne, LA):
-Bouki et Lapin. Lapin est plus smart que Bouki, qu'est couillon. Bouki se roulerait dans la boue et Lapin le ferait croire c'est un matelas de plume. Chercher du beurre. Prendre Bayou Cocodril pour revenir. Lapin manger tout le beurre qu'ils rammenaient. Bouki n'est pas bête, ils savait c'était Lapin.
-Lapin guêllait et disait c'était Bouki qu'a mangé tout. Reposer en bas d'un arbre. Nique avec de la mousse. Bouki ronfler. Lapin a pris le beurre et l'a mis sur la figure à Bouki tant qu'il dormait.
-Lapin a accussé Bouki d'avoir mangé le beurre. Bouki a corru à la coulée et a regardé dans l'eau pour voir le beurre dessus sa figure. Il s'a cru d'avoir mangé le beurre sane le gouter. Il s'est noyé dans la coulée. Lapin sort tout le temps en avant, il est tout le temps plus smart;
Wilson "Ben" Mitchell: Bouki et Lapin (12:35);
-Le baril de beurre. Bouki travaillait dur, Lapin a parti. Lapin pars et reviens, baptisant des enfants (4 fois). Les noms: Commencé, Half-and-half. Trois-quarts. Licher le fond.
-Lapin a mangé tout dans le baril de beurre, Bouki avait rien à manger. Bouki aurait ouvert Lapin. Fourrer Lapin dans les talles d'éronces. Là il était élevé;
-Lapin sort toujours avant;
Barry Jean Ancelet (22, Lafayette, LA): Bouki et Lapin;
-Bouki demande pourquoi Lapin est aussi gros et a tout le temps du manger. Bouki a faim et a pas de manger. Lapin va pas lui dire où le plat est. Bouki creve de faim. Finalement, Lapin est d'accord de lui emmener là, mais Bouki a pour faire tout Lapin le dit à faire.
-La Place du Diable. Aller quand Lapin dit "Allons." Bicoin, la grande porte est ouvert. Bicca, la porte est fermé. Tout sorte de manger. Bouki était bien gourmand. Partir après 5-10 minutes.
-Bouki a continué à manger, Lapin a parti par la grande porte. Bouki est pris et s'est caché. Le Diable est arrivé, et Bouki n'était pas capable de s'échapper. "Bicoin, Bicca," la porte s'ouvrait et fermait. Le Diable venait après Bouki avec un couteau, il a coupé un de ses oreille Bouki s'a rappelé du mot "Bicoin" et s'a sauvé dans le bois;
-Bouki et Lapin travaillait ensemble l'automne. Bouki voulait planter des patates douces. 15 Mars, un mal-entendus. Bouki allait chercher des lianes, Lapin a vu Bouki dans le clos. Le promis du tireur de cartes qu'ils auraient eu une bonne récolte
-ils auraient planté ce jour là. Lapin a laissé Bouki faire (la première fois qu'il le laisse arriver depuis qu'ils sont amis). Diviser les patates. Lapin prend tout en bas de la terre et Bouki prend tout en haut de la terre. Bouki a été raconter son tracas à Lapin, Bouki crevait. L'année prochaine, Bouki aurait pris tout en bas de la terre et Lapin aurait pris tout en haut. Ils ont planté du maïs;
Mrs. Marius Babineaux (75) and her granddaughter, Kathleen Domingue (15) (Both of Carencro, LA): Jean Sot (28:39);
-Sa mère va à la grocerie et dit à Jean Sot de soinger son 'tit frère et guêttait l'oie qui couvrait. Tuer une mouche qui était dessus le front de son 'tit frère.
-Tuer la poule qui faisait du train et couvrir le plat? de l'oie. Sa mère est venu à la porte et Jean Sot l'a dit ce qui est arrivé;
Mrs. Walter Boudreaux (65, Carencro, LA): La meule de fromage;
-Les enfants jouer au près du puit carré. Jaune dans le puit, c'était une meule de fromage. La pleine lune était réflectait dans l'eau. Deux baquets, descendre dans le puit pour chercher le fromage. Le 'tit garçon tombé dans le puit et ils ont jamais trouvé la meule de fromage;
Richard Guidry (24, Gueydan, LA): Gris Gris Tale;
-Une femme qui lavait la tripe de cochon au bord du bayou. Chien étrange--"Tu veux passer!" Couper le nez du chien. Chien devenir homme, ôter son gris-gris.
-Il avait bu le sang du poule noir à une croix de chemin à minuit pour devenir n'importe quoi qu'il voulait. Changer sa forme;
Mrs. Walter (Evelia) Boudreaux (65, Carencro, LA): Les 'tits ouaouarons;
-11 bandes? de 'tits ouaouarons;
-Assez gros pour sauter, manger, et jouer. Maman va à la chasse et averti les petits d'aller pas trop loin et de se bien comporter. Ils ont été jouer trop loin. Le gros boeuf.
-Le 'tit ouaouaron s'est gonflé pour montrer sa maman comment gros la bétaille était, mais il n'a pas pu avant de se gonfler de trop et de se casser ouvert;
Wilson (informant says first name is "Michael") "Ben Guiné" Mitchell (72, Parks, LA):
-Froumi et Grasshopper (La Fontaine's fable, "The Ant and the Grasshopper";
-Froumi travaillait tout l'été. Grasshopper avait pas le temps à travailler, il jouait l'accordéon pour faire sa vie. Tout glacé pendant l'hiver. Froumi étiat dans sa maison, Grasshopper est venu cogner à la porte.
-Froumi a dit à Grasshopper à jouer l'accordéon pour faire sa vie. Grasshopper a gêlé dans les cannes de maïs;
Anna Belle Hoffman Krewitz (70, Breaux Bridge,LA): Acadian songs;
-"La Douce Tristesse de la Séparation" sung to the tune of Home, Sweet Home (sung at the end of dances). Shakespeare's idea of farewell from Romeo and Juliet?;
-"La Délaissée" - chanson d'amour. Pangs of unrequited love after an amorous adventure;
-Saute Crapaud;
Marie Del Norte Theriot Haynes (Originally catalogued as "Harris") (75, Rayne, LA):
Creole songs;
-Ah, Suzette, toi pas l'aimais moi;
-Suzanne, Suzanne, jolie femme;
-Fais Do Do 'Tit Nègre et Ton 'tit Bec est Doux;
-Danser Colinda Boo Doom, Boo Doom (Valse ou Mazurka);
-Mr. Bangeau/Banjo? (Jim Crow?);
Odette Coussan (55, Carencro, LA):
-Bicoin et mes choux (44:05);
Tante Hélène Lacy Dugas (91, Carencro, LA):
-Un 'tit bonhomme pas plus haut qu'un rat (Pas manger mes pommes quand je suis pas là);
Barry Jean Ancelet (22, Lafayette, LA):
-Rond, rond, rond. Le 'tit gourmand;
Mrs. Walter Boudreaux (65, Carencro, LA):
-L'étymologie de Carencro: Deux hommes à la chasse. Nommer la place après le premier oiseau qu'ils auraient trouvé. La bétaille du bayou crevé;;
Eula? (Originally catalogued as "Enola") Dugas (57, Lafayette, LA):
-L'homme dans la lune. Il a travaillé le dimanche, et c'était ça sa pénitance;
-Pas fouiller la terre le Vendredi Saint. La terre aurait seigné. Respecter ce jour là;
Nita Benoit (64, Lafayette, LA):
-Grosse serpent dans la vieille maison qui tétait la maman et a donné sa queue au 'tit bébé. Le bébé perdait du poids tous les jours. Tirer le serpent et le lait voler partout;
Samuel and Leon and Gauthreaux:
-Legends + Superstitions;
Mrs. Walter Boudreaux (65, Carencro, LA);
-Argent enterré dans le temps des guerres, il y avait pas de banques. Oublier où c'était, et d'autre monde venir trouver le caveau.
-Chercher les bons outils et fouiller le caveau de brique. Un ouragon, des boeufs qui soufflaient du feu.
-Faire peur aux hommes, ils ont jamais trouvé l'argent. C'était pas pour eux, mais leur hérités. Ne pas parler tant qu'ils fouillait pour l'argent non plus;
Samuel (62) and Leonard (57) Gautreaux (Cecilia, LA);
-3 gros oiseaux dans l'air, les ailes fasaient comme des jets. Chercher leurs vaches, la déluge. La Coulée Boscoyo. Stunned, il avait sa carabine avec lui. Marcher. Des vaches ont sauté le canal, ils beuglaient. Il y avait quelque chose, mais ils ont pas plus trouvé rien des vaches perdues;
-Le nègre et le caveau d'argent;
-Au Nord du Lac Charenton et le sauvage appelé Jam? Le chêne avec une marque. Un gros boeuf est venu quand ils fouillaient le caveau d'argent. Revenir. Le temps de la vigilance, KKK. Le contrôlleur d'esprit demande le droit d'avoir le caveau. Ils l'ont trouvé;
-Entendre le bois craquer;
-Rencontrer un homme à Marero. Chercher un trésor avec le contrôlleur d'esprit. L'homme dessus le cheval est devenu un chien. Ils se sont sauvés et il a perdu son chapeau. Faire un homme pleurer, c'est aussi vrai. Il mentait pas;
-Bayou Coquille, au ras de Lafitte, d'en Ville (Nouvelle-Orléans), le gros chêne. Une dame en blanc assis dessus une branhe. Une reine et Lafitte avait emmené sa couronne dans les entourages;
***Recorded throughout January of 1974***
***Copy of AN1-212***
Folktales told by Wilson "Ben Guiné" Mitchell;
Wilson "Ben Guiné" Mitchell:
-Tales
Wilson Ben Guine Mitchell
Musical performance by Dennis McGee, Sady Courville, and Michael Doucet
Dennis McGee (first Fiddle); Sady Courville (second Fiddle); Mike Doucet (Rhythm):
Live at Mulate's 1984:
-La Reel Fruge;
-Dennis thanks the few people that are there;
-La valse qui a fini dans le coin de la maison. Sady explains how this is one of Dennis' favorite songs. Things got pretty serious when they got to the corner;
-Talking about playing "Adieu Rosa." Preston got lost with it once and Dennis never played it with him again. Dennis just celebrated his 92nd birthday. Playing 68 years with Sady. First Cajun twin fiddle record in 1928. Keeps them Young;
-Adieu Rosa (Demain, c'est pas Dimanche). One of Barry Ancelet's favorite;
-Dennis thinks the people aren't excited, they aren't dancing. Sady tells them they're eating right now;
-Dennis imitating Mike tuning his guitar;
-Mon Cher Bébé Créole. One of their records from 1928 (10:00);
-Dennis told Sady he wasn't going to sing tonight because he's sick. He gets carried away when he starts playing music;
-Madame Young. Flip side to 'Mon Cher Bébé Créole.' Dennis married Maria "Mayo" Young (Dennis' second wife), then Sady's sister after. Sady introducing Mike and himself and Dennis. Sady and Dennis playing at the festival in Lafayette. Thanking the owner and Mike. Dennis talking about her face swelling. "She died, poor thing.";
-"Madame Young" is now called "Allons Danser, Colinda." Sady talking about how the music changes throughout time;
-Old-time music their fathers used to play (reels). Called "folk music" at that time. Cajun music comes from folk music. Music from the late 1700s. Sady heard these stories from his grandmother;
-McGees and Fruges were musicians, not Courvilles. Sady gets his musical talent from the Fruges. All fiddlers (21:05);
-Fiddles were the first instruments in South Louisiana. Accordions came in the early 1900s;
-Keeping the culture alive and going. Younger people like Mike;
-Dennis says Sady talks too much all the time;
-Sady introducing "La Valse du Côteau." Songs named after communities or family members. Dennis made it first, playing the fiddle by himself in his room. A friend, Lee Miller, helped him name it;
-Dennis and Sady have been on tours to different parts of the country. Sady's hair turned white, Dennis' didn't. People think Sady's older than Dennis, when it's actually the opposite;
-La Branche du Mûrier?;
-Sady asks if Dennis is tired, he's not;
-Sady likes to play "La Reel des Deshotel(s)"
-Dennis likes to play "La Reel des Marcantel";
-La Reel des Deshotel(s);
Dennis McGee, Sady Courville and Mike Doucet
Interview with Louis Delhomme
***Date unknown, circa 1984-1985***
***Copy of AN1-221***
Louis Delhomme (1895)
Scott WWI Vet
-Trip to Panama in hit teenage years, spending summers in New Orleans to his father's first cousin who kind of adopted Louis. The year the canal opened;
-Trip during WWI quite different, army trip. About 2 years away;
-Born in 1895. Last trip to Monte-ray, California. Going to the hospital. March 24th, 1895. Doctor didn't believe his age;
-Born and raised in Scott, worked at the post office for 45 years. Retired since 1960 (24 years ago). Wife died 13 years ago. Family tried to pull him to Lafayette, but he didn't move;
Education:
-Scott High School to SLI (now USL, 1909/1910). 4 year academic course. After the first four months (first term), you chose French or Latin. He chose Latin.
-Graduated SLI in 1914. 1st grade teaching certificate, about 20 years old at that time. Taught school for one year, but didn't like it;
-Civil Service Exam the following summer for the Scott post office. Got the notice in October, he was teaching at the Martin school. He quit and started at the post office in 1915;
-Leave of absence when the war broke out. Signing up because he didn't want to go into the infantry;
-Finding out about the war through the press. Drafting. It was 1917. Opening up a night school at SLI 2-3 times a week, prepare you to join the Single Corps. 8-10 of them attended and 2-3 singed up/enlisted;
-Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Not the penitentiary. Completed the course there and shipped him overseas. Frank Daigle and 1-2 other from Lafayette;
-Louis spoke French, connections in France. New York to Bordeaux on a French boat, horrible;
-He was aware of German U-boats. Bordeaux to Single Corps Battalion in Cour Cheverney, France;
-99% of American soldiers could not speak French. Louis and Alcé Breaux from Carencro (brother to Mrs. Vianney? Mouton) helped out to find place for the soldiers to stay. Billeting soldiers;
-Letter from the Mayor of Cour Cheverney 2 years ago, he couldn't find it. Kept contact. Mother kept contact with Mrs. Labbé until his mother died. Louis got married when he came back in 1918.
-Mrs. Labbé came over for the Bicentennial Celebration in 1976. Letter from her, her husband had died, daughter and son both married.
-She wrote Louis a letter from New York, she visited for the International Exposition with a group. 2 yeas after, she came down with her daughter and son-in-law and visited Louis. Coming back to Louisiana 2 years later;
-2 years ago, her son's daughter came to Louisiana with CODOFIL, stationed in New Iberia. Ex-post master from Lafayette, Ned Arceneaux and the ex-post master from Carencro, William Broussard, they and their wives visited France and met Mrs. Labbé;
-Attitude about the war. They didn't worry about it, it was overseas, not domestic (14:16);
-Louis just made up his mind, he had to go in the service. 21-22 yrs old single, no reason to not serve his country. He never used his knowledge from the Single Corps school. He served as an interpreter to the U.S. army;
-He has a hazy memory, he's 90 years old. WWI is a ways away;
-SLI for 4 years, getting the newspapers and keeping up with the war;
-America was in the war to stop Germans from taking over the world, threatening France. Necessary to fight Germans. No resistance to the U.S. declaring war against Germany;
-No going-away celebration, landing in Bordeaux, transferred into the Loire Valley. Alcé Breaux in the 10th battalion (neighboring towns). Louis was in the 9th. Alcé transferred to his outfit;
-First Sergeant. Corporal on the boat, crossing. Sergeant, then first class;
-Officer was an engineer, commanding officer for Cour Cheverney area. Offloading many Americans. Finding vacant French buildings to house the American soldiers. Paying rent to the French;
-Night of the armistice, Alcé Breaux got pneumonia, T.B. hospital, died a few years after at home? Empty buildings, part of the war;
-Wounded coming back from the fronts. Hospital in Loire? He was a patient with the flu just before he came back. Not seeing the very worst. No freshly-wounded soldiers. Interior of France. No gas. Shell-shocked soldiers?;
-Almost having to give up driving. Only son, Louis Jr. died?;
-Daily life in France during WWI. Not in army barracks, in French homes, 2-3 rooms upstairs. No military supervision. Billeting. Big celebration the night of the armistice. French people were very friendly. Brunet family. Welcome anywhere in those homes;
-No contact with the French or English army, no reason. Mostly American soldiers where he was.
-Meeting anyone who happened to be in Cour Cheverney. Louis always felt welcome, no resentment from the French people. 2 francophones in their outfit;
-Billeting quarters, keeping record of payments;
-French knew the Americans were there to defend the French from the Germans. U.S. President helped turn the tide of WWI;
-Not familiar with British tanks;
-Food in the trenches. U.S. government fed soldiers. All the wine they wanted in France. Developed a taste for wine over there. Drinking wine instead of water. No available water, musette bags. -Youth drank wine too. Difficult to wash up? Well water to shower;
-Pretty happy when he heard the war was over Nov. 11th. Came down with the flu in January, worked ceased;
-Outfit moved from Cour Cheverney to meet his original outfit to come back to the states. Left in the early spring (March) of 1918. Came back on a U.S. Navy boat, entirely different from the French boat they went over on (30:58);
-A couple of weeks to cross, food and atmosphere was rough. Summer time, left New York. Coming back was so different, pleasant;
-2 years in France, 1917-1918. Discharged in Shelby, Mississippi. Got $60 bonus, New Orleans then Lafayette by train;
-Bordeaux to New York, then discharged in Mississippi (by train). Pass to New Orleans, $60 pocket money. Pass to Lafayette or bought a ticket?;
-No reception in Lafayette, maybe not even in New York. The war was over. Celebration when the armistice was declared, none after;
-Immediate family picked him up at the station. Mr. Arceneaux went back to work where he was before. Farming for his father.
-Leave of absence from the post office, coming back to his old job. Unemployment was bad after the war;
-Mr. Arceneaux's $60 didn't last. Louis barely got a decent suit, getting money from home since his father was still living.
-Mr. Arceneaux was in the army. Single Corps a branch separate from the infantry, Mr. Arceneaux was in the infantry;
-No trouble readjusting to civilian life. Model-T Ford from storage. Horse and buggy before, pre-ATV going through water, mud, etc.;
-Going back on the job. Coming back in early spring, marrying Jacques Mouton's daughter in August. Sister of George Touchet?'s mother.
-He knew the family well, older sister. Staying with his parents until they bought their home in 1920. Son, Louis was born not long after they moved;
-Experiences in the war changing him? Drinking wine. Louis was ready to settle down. Louis Jr. born in June. Facing the unknown gave him food for thought.
-All in all, it was just a regular adjustment. Army detach service. Pretty lonely. Flu in early spring of 1918, anxiety;
-Life more or less stable at that stage. Day to day army stuff;
-Flu epidemic after the war in the U.S. Louis got the flu in France. His battalion moved before he left the hospital, came back with his old outfit;
-Locals in the war. American Legion Post #69 in Lafayette. Saint Martin Dupré's American Legion Post. Meeting veterans he didn't even know in the service. Active in the Legion after WWI;
-Louis had his Civil Service job waiting for him when he came back. He wanted to go to LSU after teaching for a few years. War put him in the army;
-Mutual Life of New York insurance company. Trying to leave the post office to go into life insurance.
-Thankful for 45 years at the post office, retirement. He wouldn't have gotten that from selling life insurance;
-Scott veterans. Moving to town or going back to the farm?;
-Cajuns that were drafted, some could hardly speak English. Reading and writing letters for them, in Fort Leavenworth (infantry). Claude Hebert, retired school teacher;
-People knew he was in the service, parents visiting him in Kansas before he left for France. Just a memory today (47:49);
-Boot camp, infantry branch. Single Corps Foundation Training in Fort Leavenworth. Boot camp, college backing, not much military training. Telegraphy, Single Corps work, Studying;
-Seeing men walking their boots off. Camp Pike in Alexandria saw the Dickens;
-Barry was born in 1951, between wars. He's only 33. Father still living;
-Louis' grandfather came from Bayou Lafourche, surprised to find Delhommes in Scott area.
-Close to the Scott Delhommes. C.J.'s father, Mrs. Dallas Hebert's father also. Not the same Delhommes;
-Country. Farming. Father had 50-acre farm. Walking to school, coming back and working in the garden. Louis' older brother milked the cows. Selling milk in Scott. Hitch up the horse and buggy and deliver milk in Scott before school;
-Before Dr. Prejean?;
-Interviewed Ulysse Arceneaux and wants to interview Claude Hebert. Louis was on the interior, he shot at no one and no one shot at him;
-Finding lodging for soldiers and paying rent to the French people. 5-10 Francs for each person each night.
-Quite a few billeting officers, U.S. soldiers sent over so quickly, needing to find lodging for them. Traveling little wars, like around the parish looking for vacant buildings. On their toes;
-Dog tents, two-man tents. Maybe on the U.S. side?;
-Officers in homes, paid more for their lodging. Louis didn't think it was just to pay rent, they should've gotten it for free.
-French demanding rent to be paid for lodging American soldiers. Lodging once they got to the fronts, but finding lodging in between;
-Château district;
-Visiting after he had the flu and waiting for the boat. 2 weeks to Paris (just another city) or Pyrenees mountains on the Spanish border. 16 of them went to the Pyrenees, wonderful vacation;
-Grotto of Lourdes, pilgrimage. Feast of the Annunciation (March/April 15).
-Taking the train, 5-6 Catholics going back to celebrate La Procession des Flambeaux, The Procession of the Candles. Book about the 3 stages where the apparition was, very sacred place;
-He never saw Paris. He saw a little of Bordeaux and the Pyrenees mountains;
Louis Delhomme
Interview with J.C. Alpough and John Stewart Rideaux
J.C. Alpough, John Stewart Rideaux
Palmetto 1/29/85 VETS
(WWI Vets. #2)
***There is a dub cassette Maxell Communicator Series C60***
J.C. Alpough:
-Drafted in the service in June 1918? He can't remember;
-Camp Funston, Kansas, then overseas in France. He got lost. He got pneumonia, then the flu. Transferred back to the states. Discharged in Camp Shelby, MS? Camp Lee, Hoboken, NJ;
-He didn't see any battles, he was lucky. Rained everyday. He's just lucky to be here;
-First time he left home, left his family;
-3rd hospital in New Orleans? Back with a hemorrhage, no good since;
-Brest, France;
-Weather was bad, cold and wet. Kansas tent/pup tents, where he took the flu;
-Meeting French people. He can understand French, but he was lost because they talked so fast. They treated him alright, he wasn't mistreated at all;
-$30/month was all they got. He didn't care if he got a penny, he just wanted to come back and be with his people. Money doesn't mean a thing. He's 90 years old;
-Wounded soldiers, none he saw killed. War was over, coming back. Some in the hospital where he was. Terrible. In danger anywhere over there;
-German prisoners. He didn't know what was going on in there;
-Meeting German prisoners, no talking with them though. Talking English as good as he can. Concerning? Eating in a kitchen, mud around the stove. Tough. Contrary?;
-Cleaning up different places. Truck. Different things everyday day. Told what to do early each morning. Paid once in French money when he was over there?;
-Meeting French people. He understands French, but they talk too fast for him;
-Worked everyday, no day off?;
-Very seldom being able to visit town. Lost in town;
-X-rays, putting him in the bed. Transferring to a big building with others. Getting in the ambulance. Transfer to U.S. Coming in back in 8 days, took 2 weeks to go. Coming back on a German ship, 60' high, 60' wide;
-Morris? Breaux. Uniform?;
-Coming home in March on a train from Camp Shelby. Paid his way to Eunice. Bought a ticket and got off at Palmetto. $60 bonus and something you couldn't do anything with for 10 years?;
-He farmed before going into the army. Walking to school, raining. Managed getting to 7th grade (15:50);
-Good parents, Catholic. 90 years old now. Live quietly, peaceful. He's got a soul to save and he's the only one who can do anything. Daughter died Jan. 2nd, it's a burden on him. Daughter was just like his mother;
-Going back to farming and got married. Public works to get a job, $100 was plenty money. Things were tight, but things were cheap;
-WWII vets;
-Not being able to vote when he enlisted into the army. Colored soldiers, coming back mixed up. Separated White and Black soldiers. He just wanted to come back home to his family and friends. Thanks God for his age;
-806 Pioneer Infantry, Mr. George Holmes was in 816 (Natchez, MS). Company #27. Here in Palmetto, Lebeau now. Birthday was June 6th, 1894, not the 16th (possibly his baptism?). Birth certificate. Old people didn't tell you too much in those days;
-Never heard a law suit;
John Stewart Rideaux:
-Seeing plenty on the news;
-Colored registering for the service. Man from New Orleans came to a meeting and got beat up and died from the injuries. Not in Opelousas;
WWI;
-Born in Jackson, LA on September 6th, 1888. Drafted, no choice but to go. Farming? Railroad fireman after the army. When he was 18 yrs old, he worked on the railroad, then army and came back to the railroad;
-Father was a cotton farmer, he'd pick cotton until he couldn't;
-Drafted and sent to Camp Funston, Kansas by train from Donaldsonville, LA. Drilling/training at camp. Tear gas training, mask leaked and messed up his eyesight. Rejected because of his hip?;
-806 Pioneer Division. Rainbow Division? First men overseas. 806 took over. Stayed in Kansas because he got rejected;
-Drilling and training the whole time he was there (31:35);
-White soldiers in his company and trained and marched together. Otherwise, separated;
-Food was plenty. Paid $7.50/month while he was there;
-Not getting along? Paying someone day and night to do for him. Taking money. He needs every dime he can get. He does the best he can. $420 from the veterans, now $362?;
-Coming back from Kansas in 1918 after the war was over and going to work. Worked until 1920, coming to Baton Rouge to work for Standard Oil until 1924, went to railroad fireman;
-Not too hard for him to find a job. Going back to his same job;
-Leaving the army, he got a bonus and paid his way back home. No camps in Louisiana. Hattiesburg, MS. Happy to get back home;
-Mr. Skip told him to go into the army and do what he was told/do the right things. Never had any trouble, never missed role call. It was like a job for him. Wanting to go back, but they wouldn't take him;
-Leaving family and friends at home, they didn't have any choice. He got his draft card, mother felt a little bad, but there was nothing she could do;
-Not being able to vote when he left for the army. Felt alright going into the army. Following orders, not doing what you wanted to do;
-Happy to see his family and friends when he got back. They didn't know anything about the war. Young people know more about the war, trained at home?;
-He wasn't scared to leave home;
-Family didn't meet him. Hattiesburg, MS. People waiting for him in New Orleans;
-Ending up in Palmetto, coming from Baton Rouge/Plaquemines. Used to have a big mill in Palmetto. Need of fireman for the boiler;
-Family in Palmetto?;
-He remembers things pretty good. No whites left at all? (44:46);
-Fireman at the Brewer's? sawmill until they closed down. Working some in Texas, coming home in 1952 on the Friday before Labor day;
-Hospital, operated on. He can't stand up on his leg;
-Tested with the gas masks, running through the tear gas. Not being able to see out of one eye, going to the infirmary to see about it;
-Stayed in Kansas, disability prevented him from doing things. Discharge papers;
-He left all his papers and everything;
-Stories and jokes. Rabbits, raccoons, opossums, deer. He hasn't hunted since he's been in Palmetto;
-Left Jackson in June 1908?. Picking cotton;
-Born in East Feliciana Parish;
-Nothing to do in the old days. Working 10 hours a day for 10 cents an hour ($1 a day). $6 a week?;
-Parents. Father never served in the army. Civil War time. Hearing about how it was;
-This country was like the other country? Texas and Mississippi as countries? United States was divided, they had to unite together. Civil War;
-Not remembering anything and not counting his money?;
-First memory he has, first welfare? in St. Louis, Missouri. 3 days to St. Louis? "Can't keep a good man down.";
-High waters/floods of 1912, 1922, 1927. He was in St. John/St. Jules for the flood of '27;
-Fireman. Mr. Dixson;
-People working in the mill/railroad sang songs while working. Happy making money. He remembers the songs, but he can't sing or recount the lyrics;
-Still a deacon in the Church (which church?);
J.C. Alpough, John Stewart Rideaux
Interview with Louis Delhomme
***Date unknown, circa 1984-1985***
***Copy of AN1-221, time code may vary slightly***
Louis Delhomme (1895)
Scott WWI Vet
-Trip to Panama in hit teenage years, spending summers in New Orleans to his father's first cousin who kind of adopted Louis. The year the canal opened;
-Trip during WWI quite different, army trip. About 2 years away;
-Born in 1895. Last trip to Monte-ray, California. Going to the hospital. March 24th, 1895. Doctor didn't believe his age;
-Born and raised in Scott, worked at the post office for 45 years. Retired since 1960 (24 years ago). Wife died 13 years ago. Family tried to pull him to Lafayette, but he didn't move;
-Education: Scott High School to SLI (now USL, 1909/1910). 4 year academic course.
-After the first four months (first term), you chose French or Latin. He chose Latin. Graduated SLI in 1914.
-1st grade teaching certificate, about 20 years old at that time. Taught school for one year, but didn't like it;
-Civil Service Exam the following summer for the Scott post office. Got the notice in October, he was teaching at the Martin school. He quit and started at the post office in 1915;
-Leave of absence when the war broke out. Signing up because he didn't want to go into the infantry;
-Finding out about the war through the press. Drafting. It was 1917. Opening up a night school at SLI 2-3 times a week, prepare you to join the Single Corps. 8-10 of them attended and 2-3 singed up/enlisted;
-Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Not the penitentiary. Completed the course there and shipped him overseas. Frank Daigle and 1-2 other from Lafayette;
-Louis spoke French, connections in France. New York to Bordeaux on a French boat, horrible;
-He was aware of German U-boats. Bordeaux to Single Corps Battalion in Cour Cheverney, France;
-99% of American soldiers could not speak French. Louis and Alcé Breaux from Carencro (brother to Mrs. Vianney? Mouton) helped out to find place for the soldiers to stay. Billeting soldiers;
-Letter from the Mayor of Cour Cheverney 2 years ago, he couldn't find it. Kept contact. Mother kept contact with Mrs. Labbé until his mother died. Louis got married when he came back in 1918.
-Mrs. Labbé came over for the Bicentennial Celebration in 1976. Letter from her, her husband had died, daughter married and son.
-She wrote Louis a letter from New York, she visited for the International Exposition with a group. 2 yeas after, she came down with her daughter and son-in-law and visited Louis. Coming back to Louisiana 2 years later;
-2 years ago, her son's daughter came to Louisiana with CODOFIL, stationed in New Iberia.
-Ex-post master from Lafayette, Ned Arceneaux and the ex-post master from Carencro, William Broussard, they and their wives visited France and met Mrs. Labbé;
-Attitude about the war. They didn't worry about it, it was overseas, not domestic (14:16);
-Louis just made up his mind, he had to go in the service. 21-22 yrs old single, no reason to not serve his country.
-He never used his knowledge from the Single Corps school. He served as an interpreter to the U.S. army;
-He has a hazy memory, he's 90 years old. WWI is a ways away;
-SLI for 4 years, getting the newspapers and keeping up with the war;
-America was in the war to stop Germans from taking over the world, threatening France. Necessary to fight Germans. No resistance to the U.S. declaring war against Germany;
-No going-away celebration, landing in Bordeaux, transferred into the Loire Valley. Alcé Breaux in the 10th battalion (neighboring towns). Louis was in the 9th. Alcé transferred to his outfit;
-First Sergeant. Corporal on the boat, crossing. Sergeant, then first class;
-Officer was an engineer, commanding officer for Cour Cheverney area. Offloading many Americans. Finding vacant French buildings to house the American soldiers. Paying rent to the French;
-Night of the armistice, Alcé Breaux got pneumonia, T.B. hospital, died a few years after at home? Empty buildings, part of the war;
-Wounded coming back from the fronts. Hospital in Loire? He was a patient with the flu just before he came back. Not seeing the very worst. No freshly-wounded soldiers. Interior of France. No gas. Shell-shocked soldiers?;
-Almost having to give up driving. Only son, Louis Jr. died?;
-Daily life in France during WWI. Not in army barracks, in French homes, 2-3 rooms upstairs. No military supervision. Billeting. Big celebration the night of the armistice. French people were very friendly. Brunet family. Welcome anywhere in those homes;
-No contact with the French or English army, no reason. Mostly American soldiers where he was.
-Meeting anyone who happened to be in Cour Cheverney. Louis always felt welcome, no resentment from the French people. 2 francophones in their outfit;
-Billeting quarters, keeping record of payments;
-French knew the Americans were there to defend the French from the Germans. U.S. President helped turn the tide of WWI;
-Not familiar with British tanks;
-Food in the trenches. U.S. government fed soldiers. All the wine they wanted in France. Developed a taste for wine over there. Drinking wine instead of water. No available water, musette bags. -Youth drank wine too. Difficult to wash up? Well water to shower;
-Pretty happy when he heard the war was over Nov. 11th. Came down with the flu in January, worked ceased;
-Outfit moved from Cour Cheverney to meet his original outfit to come back to the states. Left in the early spring (March) of 1918. Came back on a U.S. Navy boat, entirely different from the
-French boat they went over on (30:58);
-A couple of weeks to cross, food and atmosphere was rough. Summer time, left New York. Coming back was so different, pleasant;
-2 years in France, 1917-1918. Discharged in Shelby, Mississippi. Got $60 bonus, New Orleans then Lafayette by train;
-Bordeaux to New York, then discharged in Mississippi (by train). Pass to New Orleans, $60 pocket money. Pass to Lafayette or bought a ticket?;
-No reception in Lafayette, maybe not even in New York. The war was over. Celebration when the armistice was declared, none after;
-Immediate family picked him up at the station. Mr. Arceneaux went back to work where he was before. Farming for his father. Leave of absence from the post office, coming back to his old job. -Unemployment was bad after the war;
-Mr. Arceneaux's $60 didn't last. Louis barely got a decent suit, getting money from home since his father was still living.
-Mr. Arceneaux was in the army. Single Corps a branch separate from the infantry, Mr. Arceneaux was in the infantry;
-No trouble readjusting to civilian life. Model-T Ford from storage. Horse and buggy before, pre-ATV going through water, mud, etc.;
-Going back on the job. Coming back in early spring, marrying Jacques Mouton's daughter in August. Sister of George Touchet?'s mother.
-He knew the family well, older sister. Staying with his parents until they bought their home in 1920. Son, Louis was born not long after they moved;
-Experiences in the war changing him? Drinking wine. Louis was ready to settle down. Louis Jr. born in June.
-Facing the unknown gave him food for thought. All in all, it was just a regular adjustment. Army detach service. Pretty lonely. Flu in early spring of 1918, anxiety;
-Life more or less stable at that stage. Day to day army stuff;
-Flu epidemic after the war in the U.S. Louis got the flu in France. His battalion moved before he left the hospital, came back with his old outfit;
-Locals in the war. American Legion Post #69 in Lafayette. Saint Martin Dupré's American Legion Post. Meeting veterans he didn't even know in the service. Active in the Legion after WWI;
-Louis had his Civil Service job waiting for him when he came back. He wanted to go to LSU after teaching for a few years. War put him in the army;
-Mutual Life of New York insurance company. Trying to leave the post office to go into life insurance.
-Thankful for 45 years at the post office, retirement. He wouldn't have gotten that from selling life insurance;
-Scott veterans. Moving to town or going back to the farm?;
-Cajuns that were drafted, some could hardly speak English. Reading and writing letters for them, in Fort Leavenworth (infantry). Claude Hebert, retired school teacher;
-People knew he was in the service, parents visiting him in Kansas before he left for France. Just a memory today (47:49);
-Boot camp, infantry branch. Single Corps Foundation Training in Fort Leavenworth. Boot camp, college backing, not much military training. Telegraphy, Single Corps work, Studying;
-Seeing men walking their boots off. Camp Pike in Alexandria saw the Dickens;
-Barry was born in 1951, between wars. He's only 33. Father still living;
-Louis' grandfather came from Bayou Lafourche, surprised to find Delhommes in Scott area.
-Close to the Scott Delhommes. C.J.'s father, Mrs. Dallas Hebert's father also. Not the same Delhommes;
-Country. Farming. Father had 50-acre farm. Walking to school, coming back and working in the garden. Louis' older brother milked the cows. Selling milk in Scott. Hitch up the horse and buggy and deliver milk in Scott before school;
-Before Dr. Prejean?;
-Interviewed Ulysse Arceneaux and wants to interview Claude Hebert. Louis was on the interior, he shot at no one and no one shot at him;
-Finding lodging for soldiers and paying rent to the French people. 5-10 Francs for each person each night.
-Quite a few billeting officers, U.S. soldiers sent over so quickly, needing to find lodging for them. Traveling little wars, like around the parish looking for vacant buildings. On their toes;
-Dog tents, two-man tents. Maybe on the U.S. side?;
-Officers in homes, paid more for their lodging. Louis didn't think it was just to pay rent, they should've gotten it for free.
-French demanding rent to be paid for lodging American soldiers. Lodging once they got to the fronts, but finding lodging in between;
-Château district;
-Visiting after he had the flu and waiting for the boat. 2 weeks to Paris (just another city) or Pyrenees mountains on the Spanish border. 16 of them went to the Pyrenees, wonderful vacation;
-Grotto of Lourdes, pilgrimage. Feast of the Annunciation (March/April 15). Taking the train, 5-6 Catholics going back to celebrate La Procession des Flambeaux, The Procession of the Candles. -Book about the 3 stages where the apparition was, very sacred place;
-He never saw Paris. He saw a little of Bordeaux and the Pyrenees mountains;
Louis Delhomme
Interview with Mr. & Mrs. Claude Hebert
***Date unknown***
***Continued on AN1-232***
Circa. 1984
Claude Hebert, Scott I
WWI Vet 1895
-Claude Hebert, born 5 miles southwest of Youngsville, a real country boy. Born Aug. 30th, 1895;
-Finished 8th grade in Milton, high school in Abbeville, 1 year of Commerce at Southwestern (certificate in 1917);
-Volunteered in WWI to be a baker. 400 bakers from New Orleans, 14 from Abbeville volunteered. Peck's Bakery in Lafayette and Wilfred David became bakers;
-They put him in an office when they found out he took a book-keeping course at Southwestern;
-Lining up and following commands in the barracks. Weeding out those who could work a typewriter, book-keeper. Digging ditches at Jackson Barracks in New Orleans;
-San Antonio, they put him in an office taking care of shoes. Then, hats, coats. Making him a Corporal and putting him with Sergeant Kennedy in the finance department writing checks;
-Captain caught a mistake of paying one guy $5 too much, paid another guy too little. No third mess up because he didn't want to lose his job;
-Armistice (Nov. 11th) until March. Writing checks based on mileage, (5 cents a mile) back to San Antonio;
-Asking the Captain to write his discharge. Promoting Claude to sergeant. Claude wanting to go back to school. Writing to his old job to get an affidavit, working for the superintendent of education in Abbeville. Working there a few months and going to LSU as a freshman until Christmas;
-Transferring credits to Southwestern and finishing 2 years later in Agriculture. Diploma. LSU;
-$100/month to go to college or to work on a farm (from the Veteran's Administration). June-Aug, living on a rice farm in Welsh. A.E. Lyon.
-Driving cattle to the dip. Offered Claude a job to run his cotton farm in Opelousas at $100/month + 5% of the crop. Claude wanted his college degree;
-Drilling and living in the barracks;
-Veterans standing up in a bunch drilling, waiting to get their checks. Don't have to drill you spent 2 years in the army, go see Sergeant Hogan. He brought his discharge.
-Barracks for the young boys, going live in town with Sam Garbo?, a man from Broussard he took Chemistry with at Southwestern.
-He worked most of the time and was hardly home because he was working in the lab late at night;
-He wanted to finish in Commerce, book-keeping, CPA;
-Cousin worked at Dr. R.O. Young's hospital in Abbeville. Head nurse Ms. Bass asking him what he'll do. Claude had $150 and would work until he had $500 and then go to college (1919, $500 paid for one year of college).
-Working a year and working a year, it would've taken 10 years. Borrowing money from Dr. Young? Meeting with Dr. Young.
-Dr. Young wanted to know what major, what college, and how much money it would cost;
-Dr. Young suggesting he take Agriculture because he speaks French, the language of the Cajuns. Coming back and helping them. He was a chairman of the agriculture board. Putting agriculture in all high schools in the state. Claude could get a job teaching;
-Mr. Casanova, Vermilion Parish, telling Claude to go to college in Mississippi. Teaching in Youngsville ($125/month), promoted to Carencro ($175/month);
-September, Preston Guilbeau in charge of vocational agriculture for the state. He spoke with a French accent (16:10);
-Mr. Courvin? an assistant in Haiti. Getting a man who can speak to the locals. Asking Mr. Guilbeau and interviewing Claude and Pierre Hernandez. Hiring Claude to go to Haiti for 6 years;
-Mr. Guilbeau picked Claude over the other because he was taller by 2-3 inches. Already short men in Haiti, he didn't want Haitians to think all Americans were short;
-Director of Extension in Haiti (Agriculture agents, 32 over the republic and 120 agriculture teachers). Building schools. Some teachers lived in the schools. 1925-1931;
-People were real nice, they weren't fighting like you read about now. Living cheaply. Claude always lived in hotels traveling.
-They never had kids, his wife could speak a little French, but not too much. Never renting a house. $150 a month, for room, 3 meals a day, and garage;
-He's traveled the most in the republic. Botanist studying plants;
-First month, he was put in a large room/office shared with other people. Professor of Greek and Latin asking why Dr. Freeman brought him here. Voyager (on land) vs. Naviguer (on water);
-Learning Creole words/phrases;
-Traveling on foot, donkey, horse, sailboat, steamer between ports. Going into the mountains on horseback;
-Setting up agricultural programs, running schools;
-Fairs in May. Printed catalog with different prizes. 2 fairs in one day at different places. May 1930, he slept only 5 times at the hotel. 17 days of no English, white men in the mountains;
-Living on an island off of Haiti (Grande Cayemite). Dr. Summers was stationed there. Man with leprosy, he only had two fingers left at the joints.
-Him, his baby and his wife, slept on the ground/dirt floor. The baby was in a hole. He smoked tobacco, but he didn't have any. Claude gave him some tobacco. Taking his picture with a Kodak. -Sending the picture, but the doctor didn't get to him. It got "lost";
-Why Americans were in the World War, he doesn't know. Marines occupied Haiti, 2-3 years prior to his arrival. Germans went to Haiti to buy coffee during WWI, also buying liquor and staging a mini-revolution on the other side of the island so the Germans could steal the coffee;
-English and French told the Americans the Germans were giving them trouble in Haiti. Antoine Simon (Haitian President) executed some prisoners. Murdered him, he ran away to the French Embassy.
-He was between two mattresses, but his belt was hanging out, the dog was barking, the horse and buggy was parked outside. He grabbed the wheel as he was dragged out, they cut it off.
-Then, they cut off his head and put it on an iron picket;
-Claude didn't see that, that's what the locals told him (31:28);
-Old woman took his intestines and put it on her face. Another man took his hands and put it in his mouth and said, "Look my pipe";
-Fairs at the school close to there the president was buried. Voodoo ceremony, candles, yelling, singing. Claude and the mayor received the delegation.
-White goat. Man in charge cut the goat's head and drank the blood. Claude didn't drink any blood because they could've poisoned him. He just put it to his lips. The only voodoo he attended.
-Danced, yelled, sang in Creole;
-Native chauffeur, asking Claude if he could drive. Americans teaching Haitians to drive. Returning with the mayor and his councilman. Fair next day;
-As a civilian. Having natives planting more coffee. Growing some sugar for themselves. Coffee was the main export.
-3 cents per tree from the government. 2 more cents for living trees after a couple years. Claude had to pay out that money.
-Wrapping 100 gourdes (20 cents USD. 5 gourdes to the US dollar) in newspaper;
-Leaving with 7,500 gourdes ($1,500) to go around and pay people. Inspector, assistant. Going up on the mountain to farmer's hut on a young mule who didn't know the route.
-Agent was on an older one. Trying to pull his donkey. Whipping the donkey, started to kick back. Claude fell about 15' back and he thought he broke his leg, he couldn't walk.
-Lying down next to the stream. Sending the guide to the farmer's house. 1.5 hours to get a horse for Claude to go back + 1.5 hour to come back. 4 hrs total, past midnight when he got there.
-Foot would hurt if he'd let it hang, tying it to the horse where it wouldn't hang. Women wrapped his foot in a plastic made of sour oranges and ashes.
-Sleeping on the old man's bed, brown pillow on a board. Not sleeping until 7 am the next morning.
-Having to go back to his car where he'd be picked up by a motorboat. Going in the mountain. A day to come down;
-Native carried him down on his back. White man's heavy, he eats well. 10 gourdes ($2) to pay the man for carrying him. Motorboat;
-Sending a telegram in Haiti. Telephone office (1 in town) to get a motorboat from Les Gens d'Armes/Les Guardes d'Haiti. It took a day to go get him. Getting to his car, native chauffeur waiting for him;
-Getting to the hospital in the first big town, taking his x-rays. Bones were set;
-Going to pay some money when it was raining. Agent ahead of him, he didn't have a poncho. They saw a little light and followed the trail until they got there about 9 pm. Ate a can of pork and beans (44:49);
-Dirt floor, thatch roof, mud walls. 8 other natives sleeping there. Bed in the corner (pile of banana leaves). Mr. Scott (agent).
-Sleeping next to the wall near the hole so he could get some air from outside. Using the saddle (English saddle) as a pillow, it was soft. Mosquito net about 4' high;
-Pig came through the hole because it was raining outside. Sleeping with Claude, he'd throw him out and he'd keep coming back in.
-Tying the pig outside, the horse got loose just as the he began to fall asleep and it woke everyone up. Horses were not castrated;
-Tropical storm in 1928 devastated. Farm had a landslide, on the other man's farm. Bananas and coffee together? Government sent aide by motorboat.
-Marines kept peace, Navy assigned "nurses", Claude had seeds to replant gardens. Codfish as food. Marine had a marmoset/monkey.
-Captain Swenson chewed the codfish. The monkey threw the fish off the boat. The Swede and the Cajun eats the stuff, but the monkey throws it overboard;
-Coming back to his car. Boat belonged to a Frenchman. Native lawyer standing on the boat, leaning against the side, Hitting a log and the lawyer fell overboard.
-The Frenchman put it in neutral and went get the lawyer. "Takes his bath early" conversation between Frenchman and lawyer;
-Claude joined because he was going to be drafted. Volunteering as bakers;
-Germans sunk U.S. ship (Titanic?), cause of the war. Bringing food to the English, the Germans thought they were armed. Lusitania;
-American woman and German woman at the hotel in Haiti. German woman borrowed $200 from Claude's first wife to bring her son to Haiti from Germany.
-Diamond ring for security. Husband gave Claude $100, they never finished paying on it so Claude took it and used it as his current wife's engagement ring;
-English and France in the war. Italy and other European countries fought with Germany. U.S. going to war because Germany sank U.S. ships;
-President Wilson;
-Morman from Utah, Bill Brandon on K.P. Serving time in K.P. Acting up after supper, President Wilson didn't know how to fight the war, French and English didn't know how to fight.
-Getting over there and joining the Germans, finding a German girl. M.P.'s came the next morning and arrested;
-Barry didn't go to the service;
-Broomstick with a nail to pick up paper. Soldier behind him. He wrote to his Senator, dishonorable discharge. Pictures (he was a mail clerk on the train before) back on his job distributing mail.
-Stealing. He got his job back. Talking like that scared Claude, shooting;
-Claude didn't know anything about Germans before the war. Good German friends after the war in Haiti;
-Other Acadiana natives. Claude and Mr. (Fernest?) Crochet were in the same outfit, but they got separated in San Antonio;
-Claude enlisted in New Orleans, Quarter Master Corps. Each outfit has it's own corps. New Orleans, San Antonio (Fort Sam Houston). 5 days waiting in San Antonio. Kelly Fields, airport south of San Antonio. Airplanes were unarmed (no bombing), just observation planes;
-Going to boot camp/basic training. Jackson Barracks, never drilled, just waited to get assigned and put in an office. Not drilling his outfit until after the war/armistice;
-Knowing anyone who went over, they were not in the same outfit as Claude. Never training for battle. Training once, wanting them to apply for officer training. Only 3 were high school graduates, the others didn't;
Interview with Ulysse Arceneaux
***Date unknown***
***See AN1-230 for part two of interview***
***Attached link/recording is a dub cassette Maxell Communicator Series C60. Original Memorex a little worse quality/more tape hiss/noise***
***Because the original was catalogued and the dub is linked (due to better quality), the time code may vary slightly from what is in the catalog)***
Ulysse Arceneaux (I)
Born in Carencro in 1897
-Discharge papers. Barry wants to know where they went;
-When the war broke (April 5th or 6th), the recruiting officer came to the Pillion mill in Patterson. Recruiting officer went, a lot of friends left, but 4-5 stayed because they were young and felt bad seeing them go. Big band sent them off;
-May 5th, joining the army in New Orleans a little over 18 years old. Why he didn't go the first time, he was sick with malaria and weighed 135 lbs. Afraid they would take his friend and not him;
-Jackson barracks in New Orleans, then Sam Houston in San Antonio until June. Syracuse, New York until September. New York City by train, landing in Liverpool, England and going to South -Hampton for 5-6 days. Crossing the English Channel into Le Havre, France. Feeding them boiled fish. Cold day like today/yesterday (drizzling rain);
-1st division had the kitchen. Going with the 2nd division, getting a kitchen if they want to help out and peel potatoes. Best meal he had in his life;
-40 hommes, 8 chevaux (40 men, 8 horses);
-Riding almost a day to Abbéville. Talking French to the Frenchmen, serving as a translator. The Company Interpreter. Their French was understandable. Meeting a soldier at the depot, ended up at the truck station. La gare. Asking for "la masion de court," "le palais de justice";
-First stationed in the mountains in the southern part of France, Sila Cote? Government property? Stationed there until going to the front (la demi-lune) for about 15 days;
-Château-Thierry, where they stopped the Germans. French gave up, they thought the Americans were going to kill themselves. They didn't like the other francophone, he was a Lagneaux from Acadiana.
-Ulysse never saw him when they came back. Not telling the other soldiers what the French were saying. Shooting machine guns, stopping the Germans and pushing them back. The turning point of the war;
-Big cisterns of wine, wine all over the streets in Château-Thierry;
-$2 million barrage, shooting for 2 days. Driving there. Going into Germany from there;
-November 11th, day of the armistice. Going home pretty soon. Walking from France through Belgium into Germany;
-Around Thanksgiving Day 1918, they were in Belgium. Brussels. Finding 3-4 dozen eggs for the officers, omelettes;
-Germans didn't want to speak French, the end of his interpretation;
-Ranked as a cook, paying him the salary of a sergeant. $47.60/month. He started at $15/month for the first two months;
-First leaving Louisiana. Drilling them at boot camp in civilian clothes for 4-5 days. Big shot once he got his uniform. Re-enlisting in France, ran out of blanks. He would've stayed in France another 4 years (14:50);
-Pillion mill in Patterson was harder work than the army;
-Building a supply base. Fellows who worked in the offices were working outside. Ulysse didn't have to do that, just stay with the officers and interpret the Frenchmen;
-San Antonio to Syracuse, NY with the 9th infantry. Split into 3 regiments, 9th, 23rd, and another (5-6th marines??). Recruiting people from New York and New Jersey. Norfolk, VA to do ship work. 3 from Patterson, 2 brothers (Alcé and Sidney Lagrange in the 23rd);
-Going right after war was declared, not too much news. Finding out about the war through the newspapers, posts all around the saw mill;
-Joining because all of his friends had left. They felt like slackers. Getting scared over there, bombardments. There when they shot the canons, he thought they hit him and he had a broken leg.
-"Another one coming, run to the cellar. You ain't got no broken leg." Fool or liar if they say they weren't scared;
-Kitchen in the woods in Château-Thierry, sleeping in foxholes. President Theodore Roosevelt's son was shot down not too far from where they could see the plane coming down. German plane on top of him brought him down;
-Not too many airplanes, just fighting planes (2 men: the pilot and the one with the machine gun). No bombers. He wouldn't do it again, but he wouldn't give up his memories;
-22 yrs old when he came back. Pretty rough. $60 and one's month pay, discharged in Mississippi. $100-somewhat dollars, he thought he was rich.
-Working for $1.25 at the saw mill in Patterson. Buying clothes, not enough to buy a suit for church and more because the prices went up;
-Going to visit his brother in Vacherie. Assistant Penny Mill Foreman. Getting him a job grading the molding $5 a day. Closed 2 months after. L.J.'s and working for the railroad;
-Going to be a barber. Italian boy from Pennsylvania was a barber. Cooks worked a day, then had a day off. Going to barber college in New Orleans. Working in New Orleans, then Napoleanville. -Left when there was only enough business for the other barber;
-Coming to Lafayette to see his sister, then Port Arthur/Beaumont to work for a little. Meeting his wife when his sister was working at the store. Made a date with her, going to the barber shop the next morning and meeting a guy he grew up with. Working there for a while, but he didn't like it too much;
-Fellow from Rayne said they needed a barber in town. Working in Rayne in 1920 for a while. Mr. Dorsey had a shop by the depot and offered him $25 a week and room and board for 6 months. -Girlfriend lived in Lafayette. A lot of money back then. Working until 1927, just before the high water. Working for Mr. Broussard;
-Moved from the depot to the city barber shop. Working for Mr. Broussard from 1927 until 1932. Moving to Vermilion Street. Mr. Dorsey moved on Vermilion Street and left the barber shop.
-During the Depression, cutting kids' hair for 15 cents and adults' for 25 cents. 1932 when he went there;
High water of '27 (30:53);
-The levee broke around Morganza. Bringing people from St. Martin Parish to Lafayette. The next day, they were on the side of the road. Leaving the barber shop, moving Dr. Young's office from -Breaux Bridge to Lafayette. 5-6 vehicles got stuck, motorboats to help out. Water came as far as C.O. Theriot with the nice home, the water stopped there. Right by Chrsitian Bros. house. Road to Lake Martin on the left;
-Fellows had tents, cooked there for 3 days. Dan Mouton was in charge. Moving people at night. Store across from Heymann was empty, registering them there and figuring out how many people were there.
-A lot of houses in Crapaudville were vacant since saw mills shut down. Coffee and sandwiches for them, working. Not going home for 3 days and taking naps in between shifts;
-Red cross came, 2 men and 2 women. Glad they came over to relieve them. Just coming to inspect. Taking care of their own people, get out if they didn't come to work. Staying at the Evangeline Hotel for 4 days and not doing anything. Not giving the Red Cross any money;
-Bad accommodations. Big barracks. Shower once a week with a tank. Soap yourself and rinsed/hosed off. Staying in the wooden barracks, American engineers? had that built when they got there;
-2-story building, 14 days going across to France. Nothing to drink. Wine and beer. French people sip wine. Trouble paying with American money, exchanging for French money. Asking for bottles of wine, Americans drinking wine like water;
-Country boy like him didn't know too much about money. Getting paid in francs once they got to France. 5 francs and 50 centimes for $1 USD;
-Joining the army was his first time to New Orleans. People didn't go anywhere, no roads, no transportation. Taking the train to go somewhere;
-He spoke a little English, mostly French. Everyone spoke French in Carencro. Only knew French when he went to Patterson in 1914 (ran him out of Carencro, joke). Picking up enough English working in Patterson. His two brothers lived there;
-Water boy on Plantation by the airport, 2 buckets of water, a barrel, and a little mule. 1 bucket for whites, 1 for blacks. Sugarcane. They wouldn't drink too much when they'd get to the end of the row where the water was. They'd holler from the other end of the field and he'd have to go;
-Not having an easy life;
-Brother talked to the Foreman in Patterson when he got old enough to get him a job at the mill. Started out at 75 cents a day from 6 AM to 6 PM. Raised to $1 a day. A check a day, cashing it in the office. Mr. Watson asking him what he'll do with all the extra money. He wanted to tell him he'd save it, buy the place, and can/fire Watson;
-$1.25. Grading lumber got $1.50 a day;
-Old Man Stenson's restaurant at the Golden Hotel? (Pop Stenson). He was a shipping clerk, making $75/month. He was mean, Ulysse didn't work with him. Stenson was in the lumber yard yelling. Talking bad to the waitresses? Ulysse told him something and he got mad;
-Born in Carencro where the colored Catholic Church is. The church is on their old property (44:34);
-Living in Lafayette after the war. Raised 2 miles on the other side, Bernard Road now going towards Sunset at the second railroad crossing;
-People didn't care about them when they came back, they had just been in the army. They didn't realize what soldiers had been though;
-Men who were on the fronts didn't talk about the war. Missing soldiers dead or wounded. Medics help, not soldiers next to the sick/wounded. Half don't come back. Those who talk about the war probably didn't go to the fronts;
-He doesn't like war pictures/movies because they never show how it really was. Not wanting to see video from the Normandy invasion on tv. It's not an easy thing;
-Frenchmen having their hands out all the time;
-Riding the subway for the first time in Paris, stationed in Germany. Pass/furlough. Not too many to go to Paris. Some to Berns, Switzerland. Ulysse and an older fellow shot dice and won some money. Going to Nancy, France and changing trains to go to Paris.
-He thought the Frenchmen would pull them off the train. Staying in Paris for 3 days, they weren't supposed to go. They should've gone to Berns. One fellow pulled it off before and told them what to do;
-Girls in sidewalk cafés;
-Métro, subway in French;
-Getting on the ship at Brest, came from Germany. Camp on a hill. Wash holes to clean up before going home. Staying there 4-5 days. First good bath since he was there;
-Ulysse just went once into the trenches at the "half-moon" (la demi-lune);
-They knew there were new soldiers? Sazine?, the Italian fellow. Observation port. Germans broke in, they could hear them. Rifles and hand grenades in case they came through. Getting a hand grenade ready, they turned around and went the other way. Bravery because they didn't abandon their post;
-La Croix de Guerre. He doesn't brag about that. He was scared in that trench, He knew they weren't American because he cold hear;
-Mud. Digging trenches. Holes covered up where soldiers slept. Coming at night to bring food. Backpack full of hardtack and emergency rations in case they couldn't get the soldiers food.
-Sandwiches, boiled meat. Camouflage buckets. Sometimes, coffee;
-Frenchman had it hard to dig the trenches. Digging it ahead of time;
-Sleeping in the trenches, staying wet all the time;
-People think he makes some of this up. People like all those war pictures because they maybe forgot what it was like;
-Not too much rivalry between the army and the marines, it started when everyone came back. Everyone was looking for their "coin" "couenne"???;
-Dirty-looking fellow when they came back. Water wagon is coming today, getting ready. Tent over you to go from barracks to streets. Shower. Wiping yourself in the barracks. This guy was always absent. The captain ordered the others to take him out and give him a bath. Getting a bar a soap from the kitchen;
Ulysse Arceneaux
Interview with Wade Gajan and Lionel Bourque
***Date unknown***
Wade Gajan:
-Getting drafted. Dying like flies? Aspirin and ice (freeze them to bring the fever down). Keeping him here. Trying to make soldiers comfortable. Camp Beauregard;
-Born in New Iberia in 1895;
-High school education by the time the war broke out. Father farmed plantations, making money. Sold it three times and ended up back with it three times. 500 acres;
-Going to Schriever, where his father died (of diabetes), with sugar mill (3 plantations combined). Milled by hand. Coming to see his wife by train. Nurse stayed with him, high fever of almost 104 degrees. Dr. Burken? Father was dying fast. He was not married yet;
-Mother wanted to sell the plantation. When the first world war started. $100,000 owed another hundred thousand. Just a giveaway when his father bought it;
-Coming back to New Iberia. She came live with him and his wife. Moving to his grandmother's who had just died a half a block from the Catholic church in New Iberia. She died at 98 years old;
-President Wilson? When he got out, he wanted to forget it all. It made such an impression on him and never left him;
-Drafted, Camp Beauregard. Enlisting in the army there and staying. People at the hospital didn't want him to leave, kept him until the war was over. Whistling the morning the war was over.
-Staying 2 months after the war before going home;
-Camp Beauregard only had people that got sick (fever) while they were there. Deadly. No medicine, but aspirin;
-Out in tents on the ground/wooden floor, mud on the street. Snow wold tear the tents. Stove pipes, getting wood to burn. He gets chills just thinking about it;
-He believes in destiny. Dying when you're supposed to (10:01);
-Tents coming down. It snowed that year;
-Drilling/boot camp. Boys off the farm not used to it. Boys from their homes/offices (city);
-Bad enough to go to war. The life they took going into the war. Getting on the fighting line. Soldiers taking care of soldiers;
-Not knowing what the war was about, why they were fighting. Not knowing about the Germans. So much work over here, caring for the dying;
-Speaking Creole, he understands French. Country boys. People in charge didn't know what soldiers were saying. Serving as an interpreter;
-Some just cried like babies, because of the language barrier. Hanging around Wade because he could interpret;
-Private, even in the hospital;
-Food was alright. Either ate or went without. Yankee cooks, white gravy. Not Cajun. Hard time in those days;
-First time away from home. 18-20 years old when he joined the army. 6 months to save his crop before entering the service;
-Sugarcane crop. Used to have 3-4 tenants. Current tenant does 3 rows at a time. Tractor vs. mules. Keeping his old tools and showing people;
-Getting discharged. They kept him there, then came home. Paid his trip home and a few extra dollars;
-Economy had changed a little. Father wasn't a drunkard. 2-3 bars in New Iberia. Treating his friends, giving people what they wanted. Spent $200-300 on drinks. Spending the money to get him -back home, money was nothing to him. He knew his son (Wade) was coming back;
-Returning to farming when he came back. Keeping his horses and mules (20:16);
-People wanting to learn how to ride horses. A lady from Texas who wanted to ride horses. Check rein. Telling her to sit up straight, holding the saddle horn. Taking the line off, trotting. She wasn't scare. Coming tomorrow and going in the back of the field. Getting on her horse and leaving the others behind;
-Daughter got the same way, saddles still there, but the leather's all rotten. He had one daughter;
-Business people of New Iberia were still there when he came back. Some people couldn't pass and join the army. People from the country as well as the city;
-Father hid his emotions, his mother lost weight;
-Some didn't go back to work, not too much work before the war. Men from France whipped, having seen terrible things, not wanting to talk about it;
-Using gas to an extent;
-Soldiers came back and shocked to see how much things cost, things were cheap when they left. Inflation;
-Those that stayed behind couldn't go to war, but could stay and do work;
-Hard time for soldiers to get jobs when they cam back. Doing without them while at war, no need for them when they came back. Wade's job (farming) was waiting for him when he got back;
-Relatives were doctors and lawyers. Only had one sister. Some didn't like farming;
-Kramer (mother's father) raced horses. Loreauville, renting horse and buggy. Sample suitcases. Memory of his grandfather sitting with his cane. Washing the mud off, because it would freeze the hair off the horse's legs. Abbeville;
-Feeling lonesome for the past. People dying for others. Jacquemoud funeral home (in New Iberia) , coffin. They had nothing?;
-Getting married. Mother and daughter would give food? Good mother and wife. Wife was one of 11 children, who all had an education and taught school. Her father was a contractor, boys worked with him building. White brick on main street;
-Seeing a lot of changes over the years (31:47);
-A lot of things come back whenever you start talking about something;
-A lot of men didn't know what rifles were, much less having shot them;
-Inspection, handling those rifles rough. Every (two) weeks. Giving the Captain the rifle the proper way. Dirty screws;
-Not learning how to shoot canons. Only using rifles, bayonets stayed on the gun even though they were scared someone would get hurt from it;
-Dying thinking about you;
-Most farm boys didn't know what a line was, uniforms, barely spoke English (Cajun French). Different phrases in Creole/French;
Lionel Bourque:
-He volunteered. The limit was 21 years old, not 18 like it is today. Wanting to join with friends (? and Labbé, a lawyer in Lafayette and his brother James);
-St. Charles College, Catholic University. Accepting people who wanted to join the service, unit there. Grand Coteau;
-Being a high school graduate in order to be an officer. 30% students sick with dengue fever (like a flu);
-Joining at USL around August. 60 days after the dengue epidemic hit them. Permit from Dr. Stevens to go home. Staying 60 days. Released, $300, no more claims on Uncle Sam;
-Good time, entertainment in Lafayette. He was going to get shipped to France in 60 days;
-Not wanting to be drafted, he wanted to volunteer (better for him). Better chance of getting promoted. Never got a chance to do so. He didn't care either;
-Commercial college in Texas. Friend over there, French trenches, torture to carry 65-70 lbs through mud in the trenches;
-Mr. Stemmon? and Lionel working for Southern Pacific Railroad. Germans were the best people because the French people didn't treat him as well as he wanted to. German family treated him the best. He was a German. maybe that's why he loved it over there (41:10);
-Relieving the French and English. President Wilson declared war;
-Dan Olivier Chevrolet? Company, cousin who worked there was an interpreter in the war. Stories about the French people. He was on guard duty one night, Lionel then stops himself for sake of what actually happened. Funny stories while in France. With officers strictly, serving as an interpreter. Behind the line, not seeing much warfare;
-After he was put as guard duty one night, place to use the restroom. Seeing if it was a man or woman in there. Halting a lady in stall;
-He spoke French. French speakers used by the officers as interpreters in France. Good job, not seeing any warfare. Dan (cousin) married a Buchanan from Lafayette and is still living;
-Not a lot of WWI veterans still living. Mr. Gajan a draftee staying at Camp Beauregard;
-Father from Cade farmed sugarcane on 80-90 acres. Only time he'd get a little money, when he'd sell it. One year, his crop didn't get 2 feet tall, he couldn't even bring it to the Billeaud mill;
-Leaving school to help his father farm;
-High school education. Commercial school in Tyler, TX after the war. Father couldn't afford to send anyone to school. Borrowing money himself from the bank. He learned bookkeeping, telegraphy, (train) station knowledge;
-Everyone wanted to be an engineer or work for the railroad, best jobs around at the time. $150/month. White-collar job made $75-80 or even less a month. 2-3 jobs, west Texas. Job in Lake
Charles, Vinton:
-Born about 10 miles from Cade, a little beyond Cade. 90 acres of farmland (50:07);
-He moved to New Iberia when he was 21 yrs old. He was in Texas for a couple of years. Coming back, never going back to Cade. Sold the farm 10-15 years ago. $10,000. Father got killed by the train, getting rid of the old farm after that. Moving back here in 1921, at 24 yrs old;
-Getting married. She was teaching school. Together 60 years. Compatible. Both like plants, seeds from all over the country. 75 cents for camellia seeds. One of the best collections of camellias, some from all over the country/Europe;
-Mr. Eloi Gerard. Oil Center is now, state senator for one term. Going around the country visiting gardens. Corsages. Shipping camellias, wholesalers in Chicago. Hobby for him;
-Getting back from Lafayette. Only two that he knew from New Iberia? Hard to travel, all gravel and brick road. Going to Lafayette in 30 minutes;
-Going back on the farm for a little while, but not for long. Going to the college in Texas, not seeing many who had come back from war. He'd really only see Claude;
-Stemmon. Rainbow division, tough. He? never stopped talking. Died 4-5 years ago;
-Few WWI veterans left;
-Living for so long;
-Volunteering for the service would be better than getting drafting. Potential of serving as an interpreter. He though 90% would've known French, only about 25% actually did;
-Not knowing much about Europe other than what he learned in school;
-Dark ages;
-Trains, automobiles traveled on dirt and gravel roads. No trains. Should do like Japanese and Europeans and use trains. U.S. jamming highways;
-Communist revolution, little interest in the Bolsheviks/Russian. Not as much interest as was in WWII (01:00:06);
-President Regan? Russians trustworthy?;
-Was cut off, not lost. Raised on a farm, 25 acres here. Old gardener who makes a garden for him. Came back with $7-8. During the Depression. Before he built where he lives now;
-Weeks and Weeks (lawyers), going after he lost his job on the railroad. Banks are all closed, can't have your money. Saving him from paying rent. Getting in touch with Mr. Hetch?, the man in charge. He finally got his money, but was asked not to broadcast it. $3,000;
-No work in 6 months, family was starving.$1 a day, one the best mechanics in town. $150 to build his home, with second-hand lumber;
-Saw mill in Patterson, Williams Lumber Co. Cypress. The mill went bankrupt, sold all homes out there. Mayor Joe Daigle, getting lumber for pretty cheap. $175 for an old two-story home 75' long, all cypress except for the floors. Camped in the building with 2 other men. 8-10 cans of nails;
-$3 more to bring the lumber to Cade? Piano, sold 75-80 oak chairs for 75 cents to $1 a piece. Bargain. It looked like a lumber yard here on his property;
-Gravel road. Gajan family. Huey Long, paving the road. Trying to get land vis-à-vis to the pavement. Headquarters in New Orleans, negotiating via telegraph. 15 acres at $100/acre. He preferably wanted the high spot. He could buy the rest of the 60 acres for $4,000, but he didn't have the money;
-Old 80-85 yr old man living in the back. He bought the most wonderful spot. Indians used to tie their canoes right there when Spanish Lake would rise. He inherited that land from his father.
-Darby Land Co.;
-Weeks and Weeks came after and wanted to write a book about the historical significance of his land. The old man died in transit in Japan before he could write the story;
-The old Darby home, someone set fire to 4-5 years ago. Developing Squirrel Run. If only he had the money to buy the rest of the property. Youth don't know what their generation had to go through;
-Colored men, you could trust people back then, black and white (01:10:32);
-Developing the property. Engineer in Lafayette. Asking Lionel to divide the street. Brother-in-law from Lafayette (Chastant) urged him not the break up the road, part of the Old Spanish Trail.
-Changed his mind, paved the road. Cost a lot of money;
-Railroad companies took care of their employees. Not starving, making money. Lake Charles, Schriever, New Orleans. Not giving up the job. Raising livestock and a garden, he had food;
-Not a lot of money during the Depresson. Farmers didn't hurt too much, they could still eat. Kids in the offices hurt/couldn't do anything;
-Lionel stayed on the farm too long. Valuable during the Depression;
-Agricultural depression after WWI. Everything was high, no one had any money. Economy was out of balance. Some suffering;
-President Roosevelt in 1933. Federal jobs. Elevation, 32' above sea level here;
-Flood of 1927. 10' of water. 4 railroads were there (Southern Pacific, Missouri Pacific, Texas Pacific, and Santa Fe). No train could stop him?. Passing through water to go to his bed. 3' of water in the streets;
-The levee broke or there was no levee. Small levee before. It shouldn't happen again. Flood of 1940 wasn't too bad, worse west of Lafayette (rain flood);
-This past summer, something terrific;
-Only 8' above sea level above the dip. Lafayette higher;
-Spanish Lake, indians would anchor boats here. Finding arrowheads and giving them to Nelson, teacher at USL;
-He learned to really speak English well at age 8-10/15 yrs old, heard some conversation before. Learning English in school. They didn't want kids to speak French in school;
-His first teacher asked him to stay after school. She washed his mouth because he said a dirty word. Parents were in accord with that;
-When his wife was teaching school, a kid was cursing. Learning from his father who curses his mother out;
-Grandfather planting chéroquis to stop mules from going. From France. Going rabbit hunting in the briars. He shot his first rabbit. Plenty around Youngsville. Chéroquis planted as fence lines. -40' all the way down;
-Growing in a straight line, planted?;
-Dr. Chastant bought the old farm. 36-40 acres;
Wade Gajan (New Iberia, 1895) & Lionel Bourque (1898)
Interview with Stanley Arceneaux
Stanley Arceneaux (born 1897);
***Chris captured all but first and last bits of A side***
-Going to France;
-He went up to the 6th/7th grade in school. Learning English in school;
-Signing up for the army April 6th, 1917 (the first day WWI was declared in the U.S.) because he was just patriotic. He was 19/20 years old (born in 1897 in Carencro);
-Reading the newspaper and finding out when the war was declared. Going to Baton Rouge to enlist in the army and staying in the army until August 1919;
-Baton Rouge to New Orleans for a couple of weeks. Then stationed in Camp Nickels, Camp Beauregard (leaving camp in August 1918);
-How was camp? Guard duty. Milling the wood to make Camp Beauregard in 1917;
-President Wilson declaring war because the Germans sunk an American ship (Lusitania) in the English channel;
-He didn't know anything about Germany at that time;
-Staying in the New Orleans for 4-5 months before the war. Staying in Lafayette when he joined;
-Camp Beauregard, training for combat was tough. Split his company in two and drilled. Training a year;
-Rank of Corporal then. Drawing maps;
-Straight to Europe from Camp Beauregard. Hoboken, New Jersey to Marseilles, France;
-Trip to France on the President Grant, 7,000 on that boat;
-Food was good;
-Shipped out of Marseilles, landed in Brest. Camp Brest for 8-10 days, then marched a whole day to a camp in Le Mans for 5-6 months until the end of the war;
-Not seeing any battles, he was a French Interpreter;
-He liked the French, most got along with the Americans. Criticism because many couldn't speak French;
-Training a couple of weeks before sending them to the war. Trench warfare;
-Life in the trenches wasn't very pretty. He only went in the trenches to train. It was muddy, up to your knees;
-The weather was pretty bad, especially the winter. Snow on the ground. Flu epidemic (10:25);
-Experiences with wounded soldiers, not much other than seeing them coming back from the front and being sent to the hospital;
-The war didn't really make an impression on him;
-He was too young to realize what was going on, he doesn't know what he thought of the war;
-Living in barracks in France, sometimes tents, sometimes in barns on French farms. Going around the country with lieutenants to make requisitions for the soldiers;
-The U.S. government had to pay for rent and damages to properties. Tearing down the side of a barn to use the wood for heat. Repaying damages;
-Staying from November 1918 until August the following year. He was glad to come back home after he heard the war was over;
-Never met any English soldiers;
-Using gas during the war. Gas masks, taking them off just to get a whiff of the gas. Mustard gas;
-Gas wasn't too good;
-It wasn't too bad for him because he was working with the French policemen, eating with the French at their house;
-He liked the French, the crippled, women, and children?;
-War devastated the French. They came almost to Paris, through Belgium. Using taxi cabs to bring soldiers to the front. Not too many trucks at that time;
-Hauling material with the trucks. Lots of walking;
-One day, sleeping all night on a bare cement floor. Eating hard tack, walking all day long, pouring down rain. 12 hrs and 66. Hard tack and canned meat. It was tough;
-A brother in the same company with him. Separated over there. He was sent to officer training school 6 months before the war was over. Not seeing him until they came back home (19:15);
-He became a Second Lieutenant while in France;
-Enlisted man vs. Officer life, not much difference. Duties changed;
-What was it like when they came home;
-Discharged in New Jersey, Camp Merit. Coming home on a train;
-$100-something to buy his tickets and expenses to get home;
-Economy had changed a whole lot, everything was more expensive when he came back. Shirt for $1 vs. $10-12;
-Working in an automobile shop as a mechanic. Learning from a New Orleans trade school. He was only working for a few weeks when war was declared;
-Going to work on the railroad from 1922-1963 (41 years service on the railroad);
-Americans had understood where he had been, what he had been doing;
-Barry found 3 other WWI Vets from Scott: Claude Hebert, Louis Delhomme, Lucien Domingue;
-Picking peaches. Train blew from L'Anse La Butte to Breaux Bridge. Boys without legs and arms affected her. The first thing they wanted to give was a bullet. She didn't want that. She was a little girl;
-She married a WWI Vet, his time, not hers;
-Julien still in Breaux Bridge, giving up his home because no one could help care for him. Government projects;
-Picking and eating peaches. Getting sunstroke?;
-Most of the boys were from St. Martin Parish. Wounded soldiers. Lady cooking across the depot in Breaux Bridge. "Doo Doo" coming on the next train;
-Her brother had a record of 365 days of combat in WWII, he's on a pension, but he came back all in one piece. Bullets went through;
-Dying of a heart attack, got hurt in an automobile accident with a fractured skull. 52 when he died. He didn't get hurt in the war;
-Her and her momma were sick. Old French doctor (Dr. Fourgeau?) prescribed drinking three glasses of wine a day along with cold medicine? He came to the U.S. after the war, didn't know anything about the flu;
-Bernice, born after that;
-Putting the war...?;
-MPs. Transferring from one camp to another. Young boy didn't want to take orders (30:25);
-Training. Whipping one that wouldn't give in. He was as tough as a mule, from Cecila. Dupuis fellow;
-WWI drafted crippled, insane. He was almost insane?;
-Coming back from WWI, falling in love with a girl and starting a family. Army in WWI, Navy in WWII. He's 4-5 months younger. Oklahoma. Smart guy;
-Working on a farm, smothering potatoes and cooking eggs for breakfast;
-Applying for a pension, wanting to get out because he was hurt all over. Trying to work, but not being able to stay on a job. No pension because he didn't complain at the time. Her brother;
-Sending to Mississippi to get discharged;
-One telephone in Carencro. 78 Breaux, store had a telephone. No automobiles, no gravel roads;
-Born on a farm, just before you get to Canrencro on the right between the railroad tracks and the highway;
-55-acre farm where they grew cotton, corn, potaotes, sugar cane and syrup mill;
-Comeaux lived in Leroy?;
-Never having been to school, J.J. Press/French? and Gaston Hebert, never went to school, but went to USL;
-His brother went to high school, but he went too;
-J.J. never went to school and was appointed as W.P. Learning to write their name and their occupation;
-Not everyone could go, like Ulysse. Had to be somewhat disabled;
-People moving from the country to town. J.J. from Loreauville. Going to USL to learn a trade;
-Winston/Wilson has that office;
-Husband going on the railroad after the war because he had a big family and they couldn't give him what he wanted. He could work and keep what he made for himself;
-First experience making money. Selling cotton to make a little bit of money;
-Gaston learning to read. Watchman to chief of police. He was smart, too bad he didn't have education;
-No schools back in the day. Private schools;
Stanley Arceneaux (born 1897)
Interview with Leonce Broussard
Leonce Broussard:
***There is a dub cassette Maxell Communicator Series C60. The only different information is the date of 4/6/85 instead of 2/6/85 on the Memorex***
-Né le 26 de Décembre 1894 dans la campagne au ras de Maurice. Revenir à Kaplan;
-Merchant Marines pendant la guerre? 1917;
-Il faisait récolte quand la guerre était déclaré. Un an, appelé le 26 de Mai pour aller dans l'armée;
-Camp Beauregard, praquiter les canons en bois et les machines guns. Ils n'ont pas pu avoir des canons en fer toute de suite;
-Drafted. Il restait au ras de Kaplan après la guerre, 1935/1945;
-Aller à New York et traverser en bâteau. Casser des bâteaux. Augustine Victor? Irene???;
-Portrait de sa compagnie. Battery E, 141st field artillery. Le Capitain;
-Aller en France, St. Nazaire. Ils ont arrivé là et ont parti de là;
-Jamais vu la bataille. Coroneur de sa compagnie. 142 se battait, ils ont demandé pour l'aide. Le coroneur était trop vieux. Pratiqué les machines guns et les canons. 3". 75? Tirer n'importe quoi;
-Il ne parlait pas l'Anglais, apprendre dans l'armée. Apprendre quelques mots, il n'a jamais fait l'école. Il a fait l'école dans le service. Faire l'école ici après la guerre;
-Rencontrer des français. Pas comme nous autres. Du bon monde, content de voir des soldats Américains. "Il parle français." Il connaissait tous les commandements aussi;
-D'autres dans sa compagnie qu'il connaissait. Eraste Labrie? et Edias? dans la même compagnie?;
-Aller dans les tentes des docteurs?;
-Il n'a jamais tiré dessus quelqu'un et personne n'a jamais tiré dessu lui. Personne l'a bomb;
-Passer dans le gaz. Chapeau de fer, gas mask. C'est tout cassé, où tu soufflais par. Il n'a plus le chapeau;
-Avancer dessus eux. Coucher où ils se battaient. Gaz masks en tout cas les Allemands auraient tiré;
-Le vent changeait, regarder nuit et jour tant c'était sur le bord des Allemands;
-Arriver dans l'Allemagne just avant de rentrer en bataille?;
-Fouiller des trenchers creux. Il y en avait qui se tuait. Les Américains Noires, les français ne savaient pas quoi c'était des nègres (14:57);
-Partie de l'Afrique était pour la France. Pas des nègres noirs, ils ressemblent aux français;
-Il n'a pas fouillé, n'a pas été dedans;
-Les canons dessus un platform. Ils penchaient. Trencher. Les cartouches, les carabines, les capsules;
-L'hiver était mauvais. Retourner en France au début de Novembre. Des éronces. C'était mauvais;
-Les français étaient content de les voir. Des petits bourriquets dessus des charrettes/des wagons;
-Egouter les toilettes?;
-Arracher ton estomac?;
-Il n'a jamais vu des blessés, il voyait des portraits. Il n'a jamais eu peur. Il a parti de Camp Beauregard 11 PM pour aller à New York. Ils étaient supposé de répondre tout, "I don't know," où ils devenaient, où ils allaient, s'ils étaient fou;
-Les aéroplanes à 4 ailes, les petits. Pas des gros comme aujourd'hui. Il n'a pas vu de bataille à aéroplane;
-Il ne connait pas où il a été dans la France autre que St. Nazaire. Comment loin c'est, un demi-heure ou une heure?;
-Le Bon Dieu était avec lui, il pense;
-Après qu'ils ont signé la paix, le régiment 141e avait pour faire la garde le soir des canons, personne fallait les toucher. 142e était bien près. Ils ont pris a crier, l'Allemagne aurait signé l'armistice le lendemain (le 11 de Novembre);
-Un Broussard de Maurice se couchait par terre? Couhce-toi, couche-toi! Il était chanceux;
-Revenir. Tout le monde pouvait pas revenir au même temps. Revenir à New York après y rester un mois.
-Sears Roebuck, grand cabane comme ça. Des tables tout partout, toutes qualités de manger. Mettre leur linge pour être nettoyer. Un a mis ses souliers dedans, ils n'ont sortit;
-Discharged à Camp Shelby, MS après New York;
-Epidémie de flu?;
-Plus faire des portraits comme ça;
-A la garde, la cusine. En France autour de St. Nazaire;
-Ses papiers en français. Camp Coëtquidan;
-Revenir aux Etats-Unis (30:25);
-Un band avec eux quand ils sont descendu du bâteau. Toute sorte de manger. Le monde était aussi content quand l'Amérique ont gagné la guerre;
-L'homme qui a été se déguiser dans un autre pays, il n'était pas tué. Il avait disparu. C'est mieux comme ça;
-Il ne causait pas beaucoup em anglais. Maison en brique. Officer de la guerre, grand Américan. Il était à la garde, Poste #1. Il l'a arrêté, il a proche tiré aux pieds. Pas laisser les Allemands passer, peut-être un spy;
-Le monde proche tout devenait de la Louisiane. Au ras de 30 de sa compagnie parlait français. Les officiers ne parlaient pas fraçais;
-Hikes avec 50+ livres. Ils fesions expres. Des officiers criaient "attention" just parce que;
-La première fois qu'il a parti de chez lui. Aller à la poste à Abbéville. Presque pas de monde là. Il restait pas loin de la Coulée Kenny;
-Rencontrer des Allemands, il ne serait pas capable de causer avec eux. Des prisoniers et les montagnes. Faire la garde des prisoniers;
-C'était tout habillé pareil;
-Howard Romaine?, son garçon était dans l'armée. Mettre des suits d'Allemand en tout cas ils auraient échappé, les Américains les auraient reconnus et les auraient tué? 6 pris prisoniers et les -Allemands les nourissaient. Tirer les canons, ils ne savaient pas quoi faire? Les canons et les cartouches restaient là. Faire signe avec sa lettre. Ça restait au ras de Maurice. Ils avaient 200 acres de terre, ils ont perdu la moitié;
-La grosse maison à deux étages dans le village, c'était dans la campagne. Ils l'ont hâlé au village (40:43);
-Cuire avec du bois, garder le bois;
-Partir de Camp Beauregard, 2 tanks? de chars. Des gros trucks. Il fallait battre. Remplire 2 tanks? de chars. Emprunter du pain? d'un camp?;
-Arriver ici après la guerre, ce n'était pas trop dur de faire une vie;
-Une homme dur, tout a tombé pendant la Depression. 1819? 60+ années, 68?;
-Il a été à l'école, mais pas pour apprendre rien;
-Le chemin tournait, un demi-mile, le tranfers d'école passait. Il était petit, 60-something years. Forçait de le prendre. Des écoles de campagne où tout les petits pouvaient marcher. Des transfers à chevaux, pas de gas;
-Sa famille était content de le voir quand il est revenu. Ça avait 6 semaines qu'il était marié quand il a été draft. Sa femme a retourné avec son père. Cogner à la porte. Mettre tous le noms, personne a vu son nom. Il y avait un tas des Broussard dessus son bâteau. Role call, il avait pour dire, "Léonce";
-Descendre à Ibérie, ésperer le train le lendemain matin. Linzey Comeaux? Un 'tit dégot l'a conduit à Abbéville avec un vieux Model-T. Arriver en avant de la maison de court. Eric? Broussard, le shériff les a dit qu'ils ne pouvaient pas y rester le soir;
-Isaac Ardice??? qu'avait été tué. Il n'était pas dans l'armée. L'argent, un gros billet de mille piastres. Un tas des banques qui ont été broke. Tuer une soeur du shériff. Rentrer dans le clos, l'homme qu'a été tué?;
-La soeur du shériff tué. $5,000?;
-Lafayette. La 'tite maison. c'est lui qui s'a tué?, Il ne connait pas pourquoi. Une marque dans le plancher comme s'il avait lâcher le pistolet. Il était jeune, une trentaine d'année vieux;
-Il a fait récolte après la guerre quand il est revenu;
-Esperer le gas, lâcher le gas? Filer dans l'estomac. Juste une porte pour sortir. Voir s'ils pouvaient stand le gaz;
-Mettre cette enregistrement à USL dans les archives;
-L'eau salé en 1957, ouragn Audrey. 8" de l'eau. Un lac d'eau salé;
Leonce Broussard
Interview with Fernest Crochet
***Date unknown, only estimation***
***There is a dub cassette Maxell Communicator Series C60. Copy is worse quality than the Memorex tape, but the interview is more complete (there is more information) on the Maxell tape***
Fernest Crochet (born 1895) with Louis Delhomme?:
-Il était 7 mois dans l'armée, il est rentré dans le dernier draft. Le premier qu'a été lâcher;
-Il a été draft le 28 de Mai. Le Lâche le 5 de Décembre 1918?:
-Pas habitué à la guerre. Asteur, ils sont. Plus un tas des vétérans de la Première Guerre;
-Battre contre Kaiser. Aider les français;
-Son frère était dans la guerre, marié avec Mimi. Asteur, ils emmènent des soldats par helicopters. Les autresfois, il fallait marcher 2-3 jours. Les squelettes parterre. Aller dessus le front;
-Ses amis dans sa compagnie ont été imprionnier. Un parlait français, il était chanceux qu'il est pas mort;
-Marcher un jour et une nuit. Casser son cou. Passer un clos des choux. Manger un pomme de choux;
-"Chouc" parlait nègre (Créole). Ses deux amis sont morts. Ses deux frères qui étaient dans la guerre sont morts;
-Il est le plus jeune de 8 garçons et il est le seul qui reste. "Il faut le prendre comme ça vient.";
-Il est né à Loreauville en 1895. Il a pas eu une journée d'école et il a fait sa vie sans éducation;
-Venir à Scott le 5 de Février 1917 pour fouiller des canals pour 10 ans avec son beau-frère (Dugas);
-L'eau rentrait dans les bogheis. Il y avait pas de ponts. Des chemins en gravails et les pont en ciment en 1918;
-Fouiller jusqu'au pont dessus un bâteau. Fouiller à pelle et à brouette;
-Revenir, son bâteau était défait à Duson. "Boy" Prejean. Lever la rue entre Scott et Duson;
-Old-timers in Scott know the history of how they were raised. Walking to school, working in the fields when they got back, milking cows. Youth don't have to do that;
-Registering for the draft in 28 Mai 1917;
-3 mois à bootcamp (9:55);
-Flatfoot. Le vieux docteur. Marcher des milles et des milles. Venir le chercher le lendemain, partir avec son linge d'hiver. Il pouvait pas aller avec sa compagnie/tous ses amis;
-Faire la garde à la Nouvelle-Orléans, shipyard à Slidell;
-Basic training was hard June-August, les plus chauds mois de l'année. Les hommes qui tombait qui n'étaient habitué à travailler dehors;
-President Wilson. Un tas de monde ne savait pas rien du président, Louis lisait la gazette;
-Aller à Camp Beauregard, puis la Nouvelle-Orléans, Sidell shipyard. Port Arthur 3 ans avant l'armée. Il a quitté de la maison à 18 ans (1914). Son père était rough;
-Homme d'Ibérie et son retaurant. Des rafineries. Tous les Cadiens qui ont été au Texas. Sa mère est mort quand il avait 8 ans, et il courrait la maison à 10 ans à cuire du manger jusqu'à 16 ans;
-Rester avec l'homme de l'Ibérie pour 3 ans à $3/semaine. Il avait sauvé $400;
-Aller à l'Ibérie. Son jeune frère et soeur. Deux 'tits chevaux et un wagon pour aller au dépot et hâler des affaires. Son frère de 14 ans. $200 pour envoyer son frère à l'école. Il est mort, sa 'tite soeur vie toujours à Port Arthur;
-Il a fait une bonne vie, bien élevé ses enfants. Harold a resté 35 ans dans l'armée et a retire et il fait un tas d'argent asteur;
-Il ne parlait pas l'anglais du tout quand il a quitté de la maison, il a appris un peu à Port Arthur;
-Louis? lisait et écrivait des lettres pour ceux qui ne pouvaient pas lire ou écrire;
-2 bougres qui pouvait pas parler anglais du tout et les officiers étaient dur sur eux. Ils les faisaient courir parce qu'il ne parlait pas anglais. Ça braillaient;
-Rosément Forestier. Il faisait un tas des farces. 7 ans à l'école. Faire de la misère. Il a été, mais a pas rien appris. Signer un pétition pour le lâcher;
-Lui faire de la misère pendant la Seconde Guerre;
-La Salle de danses des Forestier (20:32);
-Revenir à Scott. Discharged. Ils l'ont appelé "Ernest" au lieu de "Fernest." Camp Beauregard à Alexandrie;
-Dépot au ras de minuit. Les soldats étaient respectés. La femme qui les ont donné des bons lits pour dormir. Les réveiller avec du café tout fait;
-C'est tout dans le passé. Prendre le char d'Alexandrie à Lafayette. Il n'y avait pas de réception. Il a été voir sa belle (Claudia), puis ses parents à Loreauville. Sa belle venait premier;
-Rencontrer sa femme quand elle avait 14 ans. Enregistrer. Elle avait un play à l'école. Danser dans la poussière. 65 années il sont mariés. 22 de Janvier 1920;
-Louis? has also been married for 65 years, he was married in 1919. She died in 1971. Arterial collapse. She was 71 when she died;
-Pas comme Claude Hébert? Not marrying after his first wife, he couldn't love another;
-Rencontrer sa femme avant la guerre. Elle l'a ésperé. Elle est venu au dépot et a braillé un peu. Pas de musique pour les envoyer;
-Il soignait le peu d'argent qu'il gagnait. $26/mois. L'assurance payait. Pass to go home;
-Les capitaines avaient des bottes en cuire;
-Pas dur pour reprendre son ouvrage, la même affaire comme avant;
-La guerre a changé leur vie. En boghei et des chemins de terre quand ils ont premièrment commencé à travailler, puis des Model T Fords;
-Travailler chez Landry, pas être capable d'aller sa belle-mère. 4 miles pour aller chez lui, mais le chemins étaient si mauvais;
-Young people nowadays won't keep a job if it's too hard/if they don't like it;
-Murder of Martin Begnaud et les 'tits français. Avant leurs temps. Les français l'ont tué et ont volé de l'argent. Aller en France. Revenir à Scott les prendre;
-Foreman's Dancehall in Scott. Accordion. 10 o'clock, gumbo downstairs. House parties;
-Lucien Domingue - musicien de fêtes de campagne. Plus vieux que Fernest et Louis. Il a fait 90 ans, et Mr. Hébert sont les plus vieux vétéran dans la paroisse;
-Mr. Guidry est toujours alright?;
Fernest Crochet (born 1895)
Interview with Leo Lafleur
Leo L. Lafleur:
-Born not far from Ville Platte, L'Anse des Cavaliers. Like L'Anse des Bélaires. L'Anse aux Chaudières;
-Explanation of "Anse/Cove";
-L'Anse aux Pailles named by his great-great-grandfather. Lee's army, Fredericksburg. Jean-Baptiste Lafleur;
-Between L'Anse aux Pailles and l'Anse des Cavaliers, a lot of hickory trees. Building wheels for automobiles;
-Buick dealer, wooden bodied-cars and wooden wheels. 1922;
-Going to school, father sold that place and bought a doctor's home in Plaquemines Point, near Church Point/Opelousas. Pitreville Road;
-Opelousas to Eunice (Hwy 190?);
-Big timbers. Boards were called "singles." Before Lawtell was built;
-Western? Pacific from New Orleans to Houston, frisco railroad;
-Moved to Opelousas in 1908. Creole ponies ride and swim better;
-Rasing animals. Physician and a surgeon. 1st coroner of Evangeline Parish. St. Landry Parish has a narrow strip, politics. Mamou, Chataigner, and Ville Platte in Evangeline Parish;
-Model T days;
-Living in Opelousas when the war broke out. He volunteered;
-Parents separated and mother came to Opelousas. Jersey cows in Plaquemines Point near Lawtell. Saddle horses;
-1902, (he was 5 years old). Slave to the Chachere. First cotton gins. Planting cane for syrup and giving the mill a percentage as pay;
-Adobe smokehouse always had something hanging, hams, ribs, bacon, etc.;
-Uncle Fred, had 7 girls and 7 boys;
-2.5 miles to go to school. Making it in 0.5-0.75 miles by cutting across fields;
-Moving to town when he was 4 years old;
-WWI was declared April 6th. He was a mechanic studying internal combustion engines and running a picture show on the side. Learning how to make engines run;
-Direct current;
-1919, coming out of the war. Quit his job when it was declared. Good garage. Graduate engineer from New York was an alcoholic. Promising his grandmother he'd never drink and he's kept that promise to this day. His father and brother killed themselves drinking;
-Grandmother's family drank too much, the Lafleurs drank too much. The Fontenots (from Grand Prairie/Ville Platte) were good people, but drank too much;
-Going to the 9th grade, mother got sick and he went to work. $9/week, then $15/week. Average was $12/week or $2/day;
-Labor cost 75 cents a day and he'd bring his lunch. A bucket of meat for soup and T-bone steak was 3 cents/pound. Cattle around Mamou Prairie;
-Selling timber;
-19.5 years old (born 1897). 1917. Bought his ticket and told everyone bye. Brother working a taxi. Wanting to remain a mechanic. Walking to the depot Monday evening after Easter and getting on the train;
-Getting his discharge papers;
-1909 - Boy-scouts and Episcopal Minister. Old priest from Holland, nothing to do with religion (he's Catholic);
-Discharge;
-Jackson barracks in New Orleans. Riding bicycles around the depot with Stanley Guidry (Noah's oldeest brother - Farm Bureau). Joining the Marines with Stanley;
-Driving Model T Fords, came out in 1904. Never drank, married twice. First wife (honeymoon never got good and started) died. Mrs. John White was his second wife, their best friend. Building garage and concrete building;
-1922;
-Joining the army in Jackson barracks, 12-14 Louisiana boys together on the train. Drilling in Houston, 15 cents a day April-May. 28th/29th of April, first-class privates in the marine corps.
-October, raise from 4 cents a day to $1 a day ($33/month). Corporal, first-army air service;
-Built Kelly Field?;
-Joining aviation corps. Top sergeant, old war soldier. He knew what war was. One of the best companies at Kelly Field;
-August 9th, 1,500-1,800. Cooks. Complete companies;
-Hauled them off without telling them where they were going. Walking to the coaches, baggage cars. 4 companies were going to Canada for training. St. Louis by daylight. Heavy clothes August 12th;
-Passing through Chicago (21:39);
-Toronto, Canada, Camp Lee side. Drilling for 2-3 weeks, like an English soldier;
-Drill sergeant in American/British Army;
-Stanley got to be a rigger;
-Planes made like kites out of good wood;
-Before he left, castor oil because thick and pretty. Told his boss that castor oil can't be good. Father was a doctor and would prescribe that all the time. Heating castor oil and water. Using castor oil in engines;
-Crew chief. New York and crossing on a boat. They were supposed to get to France for Christmas, but someone got measles and they were quarantined;
-Left New York Jan. 31st. French boats coming in to serenade them. Marseillaise. He understands some French, not much. He can't sing;
-Training? English or American good, not halfway;
-19 more boats in Halifax had to have icebreakers. Crossed the North Sea route. Drill around the decks so many days. Nurse and doctors on the upper decks. Adriatic (name of his boat);
-1,500 nurses and doctors. Soldiers stayed in the holes. 3 naval hammocks on top of one another. Couldn't turn over;
-Drilled 30 minutes to 1 hour a day. Each company took its turn;
-Irish Sea. Life preservers. Submarine. Englishman telling him they were entering the "green" Irish Sea. Landed in Liverpool on Feb. 17th. Liverpool was one of the 7 wonders of the world with its docks. River;
-Landing at high tide. Unloading at low tide, steep (17-18'). 4-wheeled trains and whistles. Rode to 7 miles out of South Hampton. Drilling to get their sea legs off. Getting food to the soldiers;
-Crossing over on a lighter/ferry boat. English Channel 20-somewhat miles wide (narrow);
-Weights on mines to hold them underwater. Ticklish because not knowing how to swim that good? Landing in France;
-3.5 miles of winding road and light snow after dark. Separating men (30-40 men). Taken to a camp in Dunkirk;
-Stanley and him got separated;
-Long-range gun. Trench warfare and some cavalry (but not much);
-Repairing trucks engines in Dunkirk. Staying there for 60 days, bombing 57 days out of the 60;
-He could speak French, they put him in charge of convoy. He could read some signs. Truck sergeant with the British. Royal Naval asset. Scots were there;
-Germans capturing men an mutilating them;
-Covering the front wasn't so good for the Germans;
-Stanley and him and went out on a volunteer trip to Dunkirk. Wanting to see the country and driving trucks, 25-30 people for 4 days;
-Killed company commander and soldiers after they left;
-Deans on the English Channel. Vincent Mosley (rich) was attached to the Air Force. Oxford College, England. Serving with the Americans. Post-Commander of the V.F.W. He died, a little older (90 years old now);
-Leo will be 88 years old in August. He's been a fireman all his life;
-Not meeting French people while there. They weren't supposed to associate with them, but they were nice people;
-Planes were still in use. Armistice Nov. 11th?; Sending some home around Christmas time;
-Château-Thierry/Paris. Marines and company there. Springfield rifles and ammunition. Never taking a shoe off during the battle. 8 men/squad was all a truck could fit. Arming planes and taking off to the front;
-His bunch killing a wild boar;
-Having a good time after the war. Holding together. Not going to kiss women and get drunk (he's never taken a drink in his life) (39:31);
-Mother telling him not to take any bad habits;
-Two younger brothers, one ran off to the Navy at 17 years old. Boys scouts fighting for their country;
-They (Germans) sunk a boat and they were against us. Kaisers were pretty rough to the English;
-Garage is a good garage, studying mechanics;
-Castor Oil;
-Crew chief. 5 gallons of Mobile Oil 40? to break in the engine. Really sticking pistons in those days. Various brands and various mechanics;
-No oil in the base of an airplane. No oil when going upside down/acrobatics;
-Meeting with the engineering officers. Gasoline doesn't affect castor oil, except water, it comes right out;
-His knowledge of oil helped win the war overseas. He was a good soldier, ready to go. Going to the other side of the trenches, he had a plane down the hill;
-As a boy scout, he knew the bullets couldn't pass through the hills. Eating out of cans;
-No man's land. Plane shooting down Germans;
-He could speak and read French. Working as a mechanic during the war. Wild rides/drivers making his hair go through his hat several times. Soldier from Rochester, NY;
-Getting afraid a little bit;
-Seeing some air fights, just like in the picture show. We had the best airplanes. SPAD with two 50 lb bombs, it was a pursuit plane;
-First time planes had been used in war. Kelly Field and fixing planes/motors in Canada;
-Killing more Germans. He just wanted to win the war;
-Famous fights during the war. Rickenbacker? Caching up;
-Red Barron, he knocked in down. Dough-boys killed him;
-Leo used to have a book on that;
-Preparing officers. Had to be a lieutenant to get into a plane, Cadet until then. College degree, good-hearted man, not afraid/courage;
-Flying all which ways, pilots had control;
-Seeing people get killed. German and English fighting. Crash landing in the English Channel. North Sea blow it to pieces;
-Numbing man who died shortly after (he told him he would make it to console him). Die flying a plane;
-Jumping from observation balloons;
-Between Paris and Château-Thierry. Serving with the British for a long time. Americans not being taught how the British fought;
-Shooting soldiers. Marines killed and moved on. Night fighters too. Old men;
-English Sailors. Only 19 miles from Newport/Dunkirk. Belgium was almost all under German control. Fought to get into Dunkirk;
-Shell-shocked soldiers (those who were afraid) were immediately moved out of the camp. Slapping a young soldier, he got mad and started acting like a man;
-57 air raids out of 60 nights in Dunkirk;
-Americans wanted 20-somewhat volunteers to go to Belgium. All the Americans stepped out. 50 somewhat who stayed got killed. All Americas went to the front;
-Fixing broken trucks. He didn't work on tanks. Patton in WWI;
-Tanks rolling across the trenches was a turning point in the war. One jug of gas. The tanks wasn't going too far (01:00:24);
-Meeting Germans after the war. Knocking some down in planes during the war;
-Sergeant with a 45-automatic with extra clips. Shooting wild hogs;
-Armistice was Nov. 11th, 1917, but Leo didn't come home until June 1919. They didn't have the boats. German boat that could bring 12,000 people a load. U.S. Louisville brought 3,000 back;
-Left at Brest, not going back;
-Not meeting too many civilians. Waking up early for drilling. Keeping the men straight on the way back, but not drilling too much. Coming back to New York and 12 men leaving for Fort/Camp Pike in Arkansas and then the train to Opelousas;
-$50 bonus when he got out. Ticket home;
-No reception. Just Stanley and Leo. Everyone was so excited to see them home;
-After the whole experience, he was just himself, an old Cajun. Fire department before he left for the war. Boy scout helping out before the war. Getting a job with his old boss, mechanic;
-People were trying to get organized. Good job offered in South America as an airplane mechanic, but his mother said no. Building his own garage in Opelousas. 1922. Sold it in 1960. School Board;
-Staring at THI trade school?;
-So unreal/happy coming back from the army. Given 89 pints of blood. Good fireman and gentleman. No dirty jokes/words around him. Mother wanted him to stay that way, she died in Nov. 29th, 1960 at the hospital of cancer. First wife died Oct. 7th, 1960;
-Leo had cancer, he had a hernia and found cancer after taking the x-rays. As big as a grape fruit. Apple cider vinegar and honey is good medicine. He attributes that to the cancer coming out all together in one piece;
-Giving 3 pints of blood a month;
-Serving his country;
-Times were tough when he came back from the war, no money. 1921, all the banks were broke. Opening his shop, paying $10/month. $200/month now. Leo just wanted to work. 75 cents/hour as a mechanic;
-Bootlegging - millionaires selling whiskey. Telling his mother he was a liability because he only gets enough to get by and paying rent while she takes care of him;
-House built for an ex-sailor, boy scout;
-Stanley Guidry died in 1942 of a heart attack. He ate too much. Dying going on a call to go to a fire. He loved motorcycles and chased women, Leo didn't Stanley was married twice. They were fishing buddies. He drank a little;
-Contact between Americans and French. Honky-Tonks, bootleggers made money;
-Promising his mother to come back just as he did. Dying young;
-Leo will be 88 years old this year and he eats anything he wants. He's been operated on;
-Jumping out of a boat. Miller's lake, Ville Platte. Dredge boat;
-Testing machine guns. Bombing. Shelling the road, hitting the trucks? Leo was in charge of that truck;
-Using gas. Getting mean and putting out a good gas barrage. Wind blowing back on them and killing themselves;
-Caught up in barbed wire;
-Living in the trenches terrible;
-Americans didn't stay in the same trenches long. Moving the trenches up;
-That winter was horrible, so cold. Water trucks going 10-12 miles to get fresh water. One truck got stuck with 4-wheel drive. Walking out there and not being able to push it out. Draining them and pushing them out by hand. Carrying water by hand for about 12-15 hours non-stop;
-Having to do things, not sitting on your butts;
-We were better men, could take care of ourselves;
-Heater and light he just bought;
-Leo offering Barry some coffee;
-"Too green to burn. Too tough to freeze. And if you kill one too, you got too many kills anyhow. You don't miss 'em";
Leo L. Lafleur